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Questions and Answers
What is one primary factor contributing to the rise of Englishes worldwide?
Which aspect of language can accent indicate about a speaker?
What defines a dialect in linguistics?
How many speakers approximately use English worldwide?
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Which language ranks as the second most commonly spoken in the world?
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What does nativized English in the Philippines result from?
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Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing the rise of Englishes?
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What is a Philippine English term for 'presidential candidate'?
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What is implied as a consequence for individuals not fitting into the dominant speech community?
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Which of the following expressions in Philippine English means the same as 'turn on/turn off the light'?
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What misconception is often held about variations of English?
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What is a common reason Filipino students fear to speak in English?
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Which phrase correctly describes the concept of 'resulting in' in Philippine English?
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What does intercultural communication primarily involve?
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According to Kachru, what does 'World English' refer to?
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Which term is synonymous with L1?
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What characterizes a second language (L2)?
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What does a foreign language (FL) typically imply about its use?
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What is a key aspect of language's role in intercultural communication?
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At what age do individuals typically acquire their first language (L1)?
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In what domains is English considered to be the international language?
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Study Notes
Language Background
- L1 refers to the first language a person learns.
- L2 refers to a second language that a person learns.
- Foreign language is a language that someone learns that is not widely used in their immediate social context.
Learning Languages
- L1 is typically acquired in early childhood, before the age of three.
- L2 is often acquired by minority group members or immigrants.
- A foreign language is often learned for reasons of travel, crosscultural communication, or as a curricular requirement.
English Around The World
- English has spread due to linguistic differences, history, migration patterns, and language policy.
- English is spoken internationally, while preserving national identities.
Accent
- An accent is a recognizable style of pronunciation.
- Accent is determined by syllable stress, pitch, and duration.
- Accent patterns may be influenced by geography, social class, age, gender, ethnicity, and political affiliations.
Dialect
- A dialect involves variations in word choices, syntax, and grammar.
- Dialects are shared by speakers who share a geography or social status.
Language Barrier
- People in a "Speak English" environment may struggle if they don't sound like the dominant speech community.
- The workplace may treat individuals differently based on their accent or dialect.
World Languages
- Mandarin is the most spoken language with 1 billion speakers.
- English is the second most spoken language with 508 million speakers.
- Hindutsani is the third, with 497 million speakers.
Philippine English
- Philippine English is a variant of English influenced by Filipino speaking patterns.
- This includes accent, word choices, and word formations.
Intercultural Communication
- Intercultural communication refers to communication between people from different cultures.
- Language is tied to identity and plays a crucial role in intercultural communication.
- English is often used when communicating with individuals from other countries.
World Englishes
- English is the international language for education, business, commerce, science, medicine, and other domains.
- World Englishes refers to nativized varieties of English spoken around the world.
Kachru’s Concentric Circles of English
- Kachru's Circles of English organizes variations of English based on their historical and social context.
First Language (L1)
- First language is the primary language acquired by an individual.
Second Language (L2)
- Second language is an additional language acquired after L1.
Foreign Language (FL)
- Foreign language refers to a language not commonly used in the learner's social context.
Philippine English Lexicon/Expressions
- Philippine English uses terms and expressions that differ from American English.
Awareness of World Englishes
- David Crystal is an expert on the variations of English around the world.
Fearing English in the Philippines
- Filipino students may fear speaking English because of a perceived lack of fluency or a desire to avoid making mistakes.
- Filipinos should not fear speaking English, as all varieties of English are valid.
Informed Speakers of English
- Speakers should be aware that different varieties of English exist.
- One variety of English is not superior to another variety.
Advocacy Video
- Students should create an advocacy video on English language variations.
Timeline
- Midterm examination: Monday, October 21, 2024
- Submission of PC Notebooks: Monday, October 21, 2024
- Production Break: Thursday, October 24, 2024
- Advocacy Video Submission: Friday, October 25, 2024
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Description
Test your knowledge on language acquisition, including first and second languages, as well as aspects of accents and dialects. This quiz covers how English is spoken worldwide and the factors influencing accents. Perfect for anyone interested in linguistics and language learning.
