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Questions and Answers
What are the three main stages identified in language acquisition?
What are the three main stages identified in language acquisition?
What factor does NOT influence variations in language acquisition among children?
What factor does NOT influence variations in language acquisition among children?
Which stage marks the beginning of grammar development in language acquisition?
Which stage marks the beginning of grammar development in language acquisition?
How do children generally transition between stages of language acquisition?
How do children generally transition between stages of language acquisition?
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Which claim about language acquisition is considered universal among children?
Which claim about language acquisition is considered universal among children?
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What is an example of a crucial early stage in language learning before words are used?
What is an example of a crucial early stage in language learning before words are used?
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What kind of variations in language learning are observed among children?
What kind of variations in language learning are observed among children?
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Which aspect is NOT commonly associated with language acquisition stages?
Which aspect is NOT commonly associated with language acquisition stages?
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What is the duration of the pre-linguistic stage in children?
What is the duration of the pre-linguistic stage in children?
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At what age can infants start to distinguish between similar consonant sounds?
At what age can infants start to distinguish between similar consonant sounds?
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What type of sound do infants primarily produce before 2 months old?
What type of sound do infants primarily produce before 2 months old?
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What sounds do infants add to their communication repertoire at about 2 months old?
What sounds do infants add to their communication repertoire at about 2 months old?
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During the pre-linguistic stage, how do infants primarily communicate?
During the pre-linguistic stage, how do infants primarily communicate?
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Why are the ages given for each language learning stage considered rough guidelines?
Why are the ages given for each language learning stage considered rough guidelines?
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What kind of sounds are associated with cooing in infants?
What kind of sounds are associated with cooing in infants?
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What is the primary activity of infants' sound production before the onset of cooing?
What is the primary activity of infants' sound production before the onset of cooing?
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What skill do parents develop in response to their infants' cries?
What skill do parents develop in response to their infants' cries?
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Which of the following best describes the nature of the pre-linguistic stage?
Which of the following best describes the nature of the pre-linguistic stage?
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What is an example of overregularisation in verb usage?
What is an example of overregularisation in verb usage?
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In the context of plurals, what misapplication might children exhibit?
In the context of plurals, what misapplication might children exhibit?
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What is an example of overregularisation in superlatives?
What is an example of overregularisation in superlatives?
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What was the primary finding of Berko's study with the 'wug'?
What was the primary finding of Berko's study with the 'wug'?
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Why do children use incorrect terms like 'goed' or 'badder'?
Why do children use incorrect terms like 'goed' or 'badder'?
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What linguistic phenomenon is shown when children create forms like 'sheeps'?
What linguistic phenomenon is shown when children create forms like 'sheeps'?
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At what age do children typically begin to develop the communication skill of turn-taking?
At what age do children typically begin to develop the communication skill of turn-taking?
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Which of the following statements best describes children's language acquisition process?
Which of the following statements best describes children's language acquisition process?
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What type of language do children use when communicating with younger children?
What type of language do children use when communicating with younger children?
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How do children demonstrate their understanding of plurals with invented words?
How do children demonstrate their understanding of plurals with invented words?
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By what age do most children develop the majority of communication skills?
By what age do most children develop the majority of communication skills?
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What does the term 'overregularisation' specifically refer to?
What does the term 'overregularisation' specifically refer to?
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What non-verbal signal is commonly used by children to indicate the beginning and end of their utterances?
What non-verbal signal is commonly used by children to indicate the beginning and end of their utterances?
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Which example illustrates children’s linguistic creativity?
Which example illustrates children’s linguistic creativity?
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At what age do children begin to use different speech forms for different audiences?
At what age do children begin to use different speech forms for different audiences?
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What does the term 'pragmatics' refer to in language learning?
What does the term 'pragmatics' refer to in language learning?
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Which age marks the period when most of the skills used in communication are learned?
Which age marks the period when most of the skills used in communication are learned?
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What grammatical elements do children begin to use as they grow older?
What grammatical elements do children begin to use as they grow older?
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At what age do children typically learn most of the grammar they will use as adults?
At what age do children typically learn most of the grammar they will use as adults?
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Why do children likely misunderstand passive sentences?
Why do children likely misunderstand passive sentences?
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What is an example of a passive sentence that 5-year-olds may not understand?
What is an example of a passive sentence that 5-year-olds may not understand?
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The use of the term 'wug' in the study illustrates which aspect of children's language learning?
The use of the term 'wug' in the study illustrates which aspect of children's language learning?
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What trend is observed in sentence length as children develop their language skills?
What trend is observed in sentence length as children develop their language skills?
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Which of the following is typically not well understood by 5-year-old children?
Which of the following is typically not well understood by 5-year-old children?
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What developmental change occurs in grammar usage from preschool to the age of 5?
What developmental change occurs in grammar usage from preschool to the age of 5?
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What is a characteristic of language development in preschool children?
What is a characteristic of language development in preschool children?
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In the context of grammar learning, what does the 'wug' test demonstrate?
In the context of grammar learning, what does the 'wug' test demonstrate?
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Study Notes
Language Acquisition
- Language use is a complex skill, allowing for a vast number of sentences.
- Children learn language with ease and speed.
- Numerous studies examine language development in children, some cross-sectional (different ages) and others longitudinal (following over time).
Stages of Language Acquisition
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Pre-linguistic stage (birth-12 months):
- Infants are highly sensitive to sounds and can distinguish between similar sounds from a very early age.
- Vocalizations such as crying, cooing, and babbling are frequent early indicators.
- Babbling, combining vowels and consonants (e.g., 'ba' or 'ga'), emerges around 6 months.
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One-word stage (approximately 12 months):
- Marked by the use of single words.
- Early words are often approximations of adult words, sometimes used in consistent ways for specific objects or actions despite not being identical to adult forms.
- Vocabulary expands slowly at first, but accelerates around 16-18 months.
- Common early words often include general nouns (e.g., "bottle"), specific nouns (e.g., "Fido"), or actions (e.g., "look").
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Development of grammar (18 months onwards):
- Two-word sentences begin to emerge around 18 months, marking the development of grammar rules for combining words.
- This period demonstrates a rapid expansion of grammatical complexity.
- The mean length of utterance (MLU), measuring sentence length, increases significantly as children develop more complex grammatical structures.
- Children initially primarily use simple sentences, but proficiency increases with time to encompass multiple aspects of language.
Meaning and Pragmatics
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Meaning:
- Children develop an understanding of how words refer to objects or actions through principles like reference, mutual exclusivity, and whole-object principles.
- They learn words through context, associating them with objects and actions.
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Pragmatics:
- Children develop the ability to communicate through turn-taking and adjusting language based on the audience, e.g., using simpler language with young children.
Additional Notes
- Language development is marked by stages, but transitions between stages are gradual.
- Rates of language development vary among individuals.
- There is evidence of both learned and innate components in language development, as the early use of words often is similar across cultures.
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Description
Explore the fascinating journey of language acquisition in children. This quiz covers crucial stages, from pre-linguistic to one-word stages, highlighting key milestones and vocalization patterns. Test your understanding of how children learn language with ease and speed through various developmental stages.
