Landslide Risk Management Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the primary geological factors that contribute to rainfall-induced landslides?

Soil erosion and tectonic activity

Slope and soil type (correct)

Soil type and vegetation cover

Slope and temperature fluctuations

How does rainfall magnify the impact of landslides?

By promoting vegetation growth

By weakening the slope's material (correct)

By causing tectonic shifts

By increasing geological activity

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the risk of landslides?

Increased vegetation cover (correct)

Overloading on the slope

Weakening of rocks

Weakening of slope materials

What role does satellite mapping play in managing landslide risks?

It allows for the assessment of landslide occurrences. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a land slope when it encounters heavy rainfall?

It becomes weak and can lead to landslides. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following modes of failure does NOT typically involve material flowing downwards?

Toppling Signup and view all the answers

What is one key factor that correlates with the significant risk of landslides in an area?

Soil composition Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when constructing buildings to reduce landslide risk?

Constructing near drainage paths Signup and view all the answers

During a rainfall-induced landslide, what is a crucial action to take regarding local government announcements?

Stay updated with local government units Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the early warning system for landslide risks?

Constructing new buildings rapidly Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the formation of sinkholes in relation to groundwater?

Carbonic acid generated from carbon dioxide in the air Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is essential for the formation of typhoons?

Warm ocean temperatures exceeding $27°C$ Signup and view all the answers

According to the Convective Theory, what occurs after moist air becomes convectively unstable?

The surrounding air is drawn toward the low pressure area Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is NOT advised when a sinkhole appears in your area?

Drop heavy items into the sinkhole to assess depth Signup and view all the answers

How does Earth's rotation contribute to typhoon formation?

It enhances the centrifugal force affecting air movement Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily responsible for the formation of most sinkholes?

The process of dissolution of carbonate bedrock Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines the process of suffusion in relation to sinkholes?

The gradual erosion of sediment into preexisting cavities below the surface Signup and view all the answers

What factor can exacerbate the risk of sinkholes occurring?

Heavy rainfall and certain man-made activities Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding sinkholes and structural integrity?

Ground subsidence can affect even well-constructed structures. Signup and view all the answers

How does carbonic acid contribute to the formation of sinkholes?

It dissolves carbonate bedrock, leading to cavities. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cold Weather Preparedness

Keep emergency kit (snow shovels, firewood, clothing)
Listen to local radio for weather updates
Stay indoors as much as possible
Change wet clothing frequently to prevent heat loss
Use proper ventilation with kerosene heaters or coal ovens to avoid toxic fumes
Seek a designated public shelter if your home's power or heat fails
Watch for frostbite symptoms (numbness, pale skin) on extremities
Protect yourself using warm, layered clothing

Geological Hazards

Geological hazard: adverse geologic condition causing property/life loss
Rainfall-induced landslides: Prediction of rainfall is key;
Consider slope and soil type;
Additional rainfall worsens soil vulnerability; Satellite mapping is helpful;
Landslides are a multi-factorial phenomenon
Landslide factors: steep slopes, weakened slope materials, weakened rocks, overloading

Modes of Landslide Failures

Falling
Toppling
Sliding
Spreading
Flowing

Mitigation Strategies for Landslides

Avoid construction near unstable slopes
Assess areas using hazard maps
Know water drainage paths
Plan emergency evacuation routes
Prepare survival kits
Create a family emergency response plan

Sinkholes

Land subsidence due to processes under the surface
Investigate geographic properties of land
Ground weakening leads to structural damage
Sinkholes caused by dissolution (water dissolving rock) or suffusion (sediments accumulating under cavities)
Water and carbon dioxide create carbonic acid that dissolves carbonate bedrock
Heavy rainfall and human activity (mining) exacerbate sinkhole formation

Sinkhole Measures

Move away from sinkhole areas
Leave affected homes with survival items
Mark the area to prevent others from falling in.
Communicate with experts and insurance companies
Monitor sinkhole growth and nearby areas
Avoid throwing debris, to protect groundwater

Hydrometeorological Hazards (Typhoons)

Typhoons are a primary concern bringing cascading hydrometeorological hazards.
Necessary understanding of their formation and dynamics.
Typhoons form near the equator in warm ocean water (27°C).
Warm air is lifted, creating a layer warmer than the surrounding air.
Disturbances develop once warm air reaches 5 degrees latitude from the equator.
Typhoons have 4 life stages: formative, immature, mature, decaying.

Heat Waves

Period of excessively hot weather
Can cause crop failure, deaths, power outages
Heat wave criteria: daily maximum above normal temperatures by 5-9 degrees Celsius.
Effects include skin cancer, heat stroke, dehydration, and sunburn
Heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat stroke are some heat related illnesses
Important preparations for heatwaves include: covering windows, using air conditioning, drinking plenty of water, and checking on vulnerable people.

Cold Waves

Cold wave: Rapid drop in temperature within a 24-hour period.
Factors in cold wave severity: 5 degree Celsius deviation from normal for areas with less than 10 degrees.
Effects of cold waves include damage to pipes, electricity outages, and problems for vulnerable people.
Important preparations include ensuring your house is well-insulated and having emergency supplies on hand.

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Description

Test your understanding of landslide risks and the geological factors that lead to rainfall-induced landslides. This quiz covers essential topics such as the impact of rainfall, modes of failure, and the role of satellite mapping in managing risks. Evaluate your knowledge and learn how construction practices can mitigate landslide hazards.