Land Fragmentation and Agricultural Modernization Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a drawback associated with land fragmentation according to the text?

  • Facilitates economies of scale in farming
  • Promotes obtaining credit from banks
  • Hinders farm mechanization (correct)
  • Increases access to infrastructure development

How does land fragmentation impact the variety of soil accessible to farmers?

  • Promotes farmers' access to only selected soil types
  • Increases the risk of total crop failure
  • Reduces access to a variety of soil types
  • Provides farmers access to more diverse soil types (correct)

What does Bentley argue regarding the harm caused by fragmented land holdings?

  • It has no impact on farming practices
  • It is overrated by policymakers (correct)
  • It is a well-understood phenomenon
  • It is exaggerated by farmers

Why might banks be reluctant to take small, scattered land holdings as collateral?

<p>Because of the increased risk of default (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do small and fragmented plots potentially limit farmers' crop choices?

<p>By favoring less profitable crop options (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage associated with land fragmentation mentioned in the text?

<p>Provides a variety of soil and growing conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary principle of land allocation under the 1993 land law in Vietnam?

<p>To maintain equity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why has the Vietnamese government not implemented a nationwide land consolidation policy?

<p>The policy is still under consideration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of Vietnam's land reform that started in the late 1980s?

<p>Individual farm-household system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of land fragmentation in Vietnam, according to the government?

<p>A significant barrier to achieving further productivity gains in agriculture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is being carried out in some communes in the north of Vietnam?

<p>Voluntary, decentralized land consolidation programs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of land fragmentation for many farmers, especially in the Northern provinces?

<p>Several different land plots scattered over a wide area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Table 6 in the text?

<p>To investigate the impact of land consolidation on land productivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are fragmentation variables excluded from Table 6?

<p>To allow the dummy variable to capture the effect of consolidation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of analysis for Table 6?

<p>Communal level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the dummy variable in Table 6?

<p>To capture the effect of communes that have completed consolidation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the year of reference for communes that have completed land consolidation?

<p>2004 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the model used to calculate Table 6?

<p>Semi-reduced model (5) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary requirement for land consolidation, according to the text?

<p>A rearranging scheme of plots into larger ones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who may bear the indirect costs of land consolidation, as per the text?

<p>Farmers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential effects of land consolidation on rural social stratification?

<p>Increased social stratification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the null hypothesis tested in a survey using household data from Ghana and Rwanda?

<p>Fragmentation decreases yield (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the results of the study using household data from Ghana and Rwanda reveal about the relationship between fragmentation and land productivity?

<p>They rejected that fragmentation is inefficient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which study concern did previous studies address in regards to land fragmentation and consolidation?

<p>The impact on productivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the design of the survey data affect the analysis?

<p>It can lead to dependent observations within clusters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of clustering the standard errors in the regressions?

<p>To allow for correlated observations within provinces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cluster command equivalent to in Stata?

<p>Using the 'robust' option (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the 'clustering' in the provided survey data?

<p>Ensures honest estimations of standard errors and p-values (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are dependencies between observations addressed in the described survey data?

<p>By relaxing the independence assumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'robust' option in Stata?

<p>It allows for correlated observations within provinces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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