Land Fragmentation and Agricultural Modernization Quiz

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What is a drawback associated with land fragmentation according to the text?

Facilitates economies of scale in farming

Promotes obtaining credit from banks

Hinders farm mechanization (correct)

Increases access to infrastructure development

How does land fragmentation impact the variety of soil accessible to farmers?

Promotes farmers' access to only selected soil types

Increases the risk of total crop failure

Reduces access to a variety of soil types

Provides farmers access to more diverse soil types (correct)

What does Bentley argue regarding the harm caused by fragmented land holdings?

It has no impact on farming practices

It is overrated by policymakers (correct)

It is a well-understood phenomenon

It is exaggerated by farmers

Why might banks be reluctant to take small, scattered land holdings as collateral?

Because of the increased risk of default Signup and view all the answers

How do small and fragmented plots potentially limit farmers' crop choices?

By favoring less profitable crop options Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage associated with land fragmentation mentioned in the text?

Provides a variety of soil and growing conditions Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary principle of land allocation under the 1993 land law in Vietnam?

To maintain equity Signup and view all the answers

Why has the Vietnamese government not implemented a nationwide land consolidation policy?

The policy is still under consideration Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of Vietnam's land reform that started in the late 1980s?

Individual farm-household system Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of land fragmentation in Vietnam, according to the government?

A significant barrier to achieving further productivity gains in agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What is being carried out in some communes in the north of Vietnam?

Voluntary, decentralized land consolidation programs Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of land fragmentation for many farmers, especially in the Northern provinces?

Several different land plots scattered over a wide area Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Table 6 in the text?

To investigate the impact of land consolidation on land productivity Signup and view all the answers

Why are fragmentation variables excluded from Table 6?

To allow the dummy variable to capture the effect of consolidation Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of analysis for Table 6?

Communal level Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the dummy variable in Table 6?

To capture the effect of communes that have completed consolidation Signup and view all the answers

What is the year of reference for communes that have completed land consolidation?

2004 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the model used to calculate Table 6?

Semi-reduced model (5) Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary requirement for land consolidation, according to the text?

A rearranging scheme of plots into larger ones Signup and view all the answers

Who may bear the indirect costs of land consolidation, as per the text?

Farmers Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential effects of land consolidation on rural social stratification?

Increased social stratification Signup and view all the answers

What was the null hypothesis tested in a survey using household data from Ghana and Rwanda?

Fragmentation decreases yield Signup and view all the answers

What did the results of the study using household data from Ghana and Rwanda reveal about the relationship between fragmentation and land productivity?

They rejected that fragmentation is inefficient Signup and view all the answers

Which study concern did previous studies address in regards to land fragmentation and consolidation?

The impact on productivity Signup and view all the answers

How does the design of the survey data affect the analysis?

It can lead to dependent observations within clusters Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of clustering the standard errors in the regressions?

To allow for correlated observations within provinces Signup and view all the answers

What is the cluster command equivalent to in Stata?

Using the 'robust' option Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the 'clustering' in the provided survey data?

Ensures honest estimations of standard errors and p-values Signup and view all the answers

How are dependencies between observations addressed in the described survey data?

By relaxing the independence assumption Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'robust' option in Stata?

It allows for correlated observations within provinces Signup and view all the answers