Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of the total lactate metabolized is disposed of by the kidneys?
What percentage of the total lactate metabolized is disposed of by the kidneys?
Which process primarily converts lactate to glucose in the liver?
Which process primarily converts lactate to glucose in the liver?
What is the primary method through which kidneys dispose of lactate?
What is the primary method through which kidneys dispose of lactate?
What is the ATP cost for converting lactate to glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver?
What is the ATP cost for converting lactate to glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver?
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Which statement is true about other tissues' processing of lactate?
Which statement is true about other tissues' processing of lactate?
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What is the predominant stereoisomer of lactate produced by the body?
What is the predominant stereoisomer of lactate produced by the body?
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Which of the following is a source of intracellular L-lactate?
Which of the following is a source of intracellular L-lactate?
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Under which condition is lactate produced from pyruvate?
Under which condition is lactate produced from pyruvate?
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What is the primary enzyme responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate?
What is the primary enzyme responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate?
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What condition leads to the pathologic buildup of lactate?
What condition leads to the pathologic buildup of lactate?
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In which organ is lactate metabolized?
In which organ is lactate metabolized?
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During the transamination reaction, which amino acid is primarily converted to generate L-lactate?
During the transamination reaction, which amino acid is primarily converted to generate L-lactate?
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Which metabolic pathway is overwhelmed leading to anaerobic lactate production?
Which metabolic pathway is overwhelmed leading to anaerobic lactate production?
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Study Notes
Lactic Acid
- Lactic acid is a hydrocarboxylic acid with two stereoisomers: L-lactate (predominant) and D-lactate.
- The main sources of intracellular L-lactate are glucose and alanine, which is converted to pyruvate through transamination catalyzed by ALT.
- Pyruvate is reduced into lactate in anaerobic conditions by LDH when pyruvate oxidation in the citric acid cycle is overwhelmed.
Lactate Metabolism
- Lactate is metabolized primarily in the liver and kidney.
- In the liver, lactate is converted to glucose through gluconeogenesis via the Cori cycle, which utilizes 6 ATP molecules.
- The kidneys contribute to lactate removal, accounting for approximately 10-20% of the total lactate metabolized.
- The kidneys eliminate lactate through excretion, gluconeogenesis, and oxidation.
Other Tissues
- Other tissues can utilize lactate as a substrate and oxidize it to CO2 and water.
- Only the liver and kidneys possess the enzymes necessary for converting lactate to glucose.
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Description
This quiz explores the structure and function of lactic acid, specifically its stereoisomers and metabolic pathways. Learn about the role of the liver and kidneys in lactate metabolism, including the conversion of lactate to glucose through gluconeogenesis. Test your understanding of lactate's role in energy production and utilization in various tissues.
