Laboratory Diagnosis: Virus Identification in Cell Culture

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which enveloped viruses penetrate into a cell?

  • Endocytosis
  • Pinocytosis (viropexis) (correct)
  • Fusion with the cell membrane
  • Exocytosis

What is the average number of progeny virions produced within hours after one virion infects a cell?

  • Thousands
  • Millions
  • Dozens
  • Hundreds (correct)

During what stage of viral replication are no virus particles detected within the infected cell?

  • Attachment
  • Eclipse period (correct)
  • Transcription
  • Penetration

What is required for a virus to infect a cell?

<p>Surface receptors specific to the virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the steps in viral replication?

<p>Attachment, Penetration, Transcription, Assembly, Release (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which viruses enter cells through the formation of vesicles?

<p>Pinocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used to detect the presence of a virus in a patient's specimen?

<p>Observation of cytopathic effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an antibody-based test in virus identification?

<p>To identify the type of virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Negri bodies?

<p>They are formed in the cytoplasm of infected cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of IgM in serologic procedures?

<p>It is used to diagnose a current infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of electron microscopy in virus identification?

<p>To identify viruses that are dangerous to grow in culture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of multinucleated giant cells?

<p>They are formed by several viruses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of virus acquires its envelope by budding through the nuclear membrane?

<p>Herpesviruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process by which viral DNA integrates into host cell DNA?

<p>Lysogeny (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a bacterial cell carrying a prophage?

<p>The cell acquires new traits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of attenuated viral variants in vaccines?

<p>To retain antigenicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a temperature-sensitive mutation in a virus?

<p>The virus can only replicate at a low temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process by which viruses carry genes from one cell to another?

<p>Transduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Viral Penetration by Enveloped Viruses

The process where enveloped viruses enter cells by engulfment.

Progeny Virion Production

The average number of new viruses produced by an infected cell.

Viral Eclipse Period

The period after infection when no intact virus particles are detectable inside the cell.

Viral Surface Receptors

Specific molecules on the cell surface that viruses attach to.

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Viral Replication Steps

Attachment, Penetration, Transcription, Assembly, Release. (APSTAR)

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Pinocytosis (in viral entry)

Cell entry via vesicle formation.

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Cytopathic Effect

Visual detection of virus-induced changes in cells.

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Antibody-based Virus Identification

To determine the specific kind of virus present.

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Negri Bodies

Inclusions in cytoplasm of infected cells often associated with rabies.

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Significance of IgM

Indicates a recent or current infection.

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Electron Microscopy in Virus ID

To identify viruses too dangerous to culture safely.

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Multinucleated Giant Cells

Large cells with multiple nuclei, indicative of viral infection.

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Viruses Budding Through Nuclear Membrane

Herpesviruses

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Lysogeny

The integration of viral DNA into the host cell's DNA.

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Result of a Bacterial Cell with Prophage

The cell exhibits new characteristics due to the prophage DNA.

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Attenuated Viral Variants in Vaccines

To stimulate an immune response without causing severe disease.

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Temperature-Sensitive Viral Mutation

The virus can only replicate at lower temperatures.

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Transduction

Virus-mediated transfer of genes from one cell to another.

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