Laboratory Concepts and Equipment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Laboratories can be found in schools, universities, industry, government, or military ______.

facilities

Workshop spaces such as Living Labs and Fab Labs focus on societal problems or making ______.

prototypes

Laboratory techniques follow the scientific ______.

method

Common laboratory equipment includes Bunsen burners and ______.

<p>microscopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Autoclaves are used for ______ sterilization in laboratories.

<p>equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Larger or more sophisticated equipment is known as a scientific ______.

<p>instrument</p> Signup and view all the answers

In many laboratories, ______ are present, requiring safety precautions.

<p>hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

Frits Zernike discovered ______ contrast in 1953.

<p>phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

The microscope was invented in ______.

<p>1590</p> Signup and view all the answers

Robert Hooke coined the term ______ in his work Micrographia.

<p>cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1936, Alexander Oparin demonstrated a possible mechanism for the synthesis of ______ from inorganic molecules.

<p>organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Microscopes can be grouped based on what interacts with the sample, such as ______ or electrons.

<p>light</p> Signup and view all the answers

Many labs are trying to minimize their environmental impact by reducing energy consumption, recycling, and implementing waste ______ processes.

<p>sorting</p> Signup and view all the answers

Presumably the major contributor to high energy consumption are ______.

<p>fume hoods</p> Signup and view all the answers

One possibility to help with energy consumption could be to install automatic systems, which close the hoods after an ______ period.

<p>inactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Normally, freezers are kept at ______ °C.

<p>−80</p> Signup and view all the answers

Increasing the temperature to ______ °C can result in energy savings while still keeping samples safely stored.

<p>−70</p> Signup and view all the answers

Minimizing water consumption can be achieved by changing from water-cooled condensers to ______-cooled condensers.

<p>air</p> Signup and view all the answers

Employing ______ to regulate the use of ovens can enormously reduce their impact on energy consumption.

<p>timers</p> Signup and view all the answers

A good sorting and recycling system for non-contaminated lab waste will allow lab users to act ______ and correctly dispose of waste.

<p>sustainably</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organization of laboratories is an area of focus in ______.

<p>sociology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Galileo Galilei built his improved version of the ______ microscope after seeing a compound microscope built by Drebbel.

<p>compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

Giovanni Faber coined the name ______ for the microscope Galileo submitted to the Accademia dei Lincei.

<p>microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first detailed account of microscopic anatomy was published in 1644 in Giambattista Odierna's L'occhio della ______.

<p>mosca</p> Signup and view all the answers

Marcello Malpighi is considered the father of ______ by some historians of biology.

<p>histology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Robert Hooke's publication in 1665 called ______ had a huge impact due to its impressive illustrations.

<p>Micrographia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek achieved up to ______ times magnification using a simple single lens microscope.

<p>300</p> Signup and view all the answers

Van Leeuwenhoek re-discovered red blood cells and ______, which helped popularize the use of microscopes.

<p>spermatozoa</p> Signup and view all the answers

The performance of a light microscope depends on the quality of the condenser lens and the ______ lens.

<p>objective</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1893, August Köhler developed a key principle of sample illumination called ______ illumination.

<p>Köhler</p> Signup and view all the answers

The three main factors that contribute to the organizational form of a laboratory are the educational background of the researchers, the intellectual process involved in their work, and the laboratory's ______.

<p>history</p> Signup and view all the answers

A scale or balance is a device used to measure ______ or mass.

<p>weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electric lamps were necessary for light sources to improve the functionality of early ______ microscopes.

<p>light</p> Signup and view all the answers

The traditional scale consists of two plates or bowls suspended at equal distances from a ______.

<p>fulcrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

A spring scale uses a spring with known stiffness to determine ______.

<p>mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

Many products are sold and packaged by ______.

<p>mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

The balance scale dates back to ancient times, with its oldest evidence found in the Fourth Dynasty of ______.

<p>Egypt</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the weighing scene depicted in the Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead, a scribe's heart is weighed against the feather of ______.

<p>truth</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heavier the object, the more a ______ will stretch.

<p>spring</p> Signup and view all the answers

Archaeologists have linked artifacts to weighing scales through the discovery of stones for determining absolute ______.

<p>mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scales can be calibrated to read in units of force (weight), such as newtons, instead of units of mass, such as ______.

<p>kilograms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Laboratory techniques

A set of procedures used in scientific disciplines like chemistry, biology, and physics to conduct experiments, following the scientific method.

Laboratory equipment

Tools and equipment used by scientists in a laboratory. Examples include Bunsen burners, microscopes, and specialized devices like operant conditioning chambers.

Laboratory

A controlled environment designed for scientific research, experimentation, and learning. Can be found in schools, universities, industry, and even spacecraft.

Open Labs

Workshops where people collaborate to solve societal problems or create prototypes, applying user-centered design methods and open innovation principles.

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Translation (in Open Labs)

The process of interpreting and translating scientific knowledge for different audiences with varying levels of expertise.

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Molecular biology laboratory

A type of laboratory specifically designed for molecular biology research, often involving delicate manipulations and specialized equipment.

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Laboratory safety

Ensuring safety in laboratories by identifying and mitigating hazards, following strict procedures, and using protective equipment.

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Socialization process

The process of learning and adopting the norms and values of a particular group or profession.

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Intellectual process

The intellectual process defines the type of investigations and equipment used in a laboratory.

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Laboratory's history

The historical development and evolution of a laboratory significantly shapes its organizational form.

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Balance scale

A device used to measure weight or mass, traditionally consisting of two plates suspended from a fulcrum.

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Fulcrum

The point where the balance scale pivots, ensuring equal distances between the plates.

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Static equilibrium

The state where the plates of the balance scale are level, indicating equal masses on both sides.

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Spring scale

A scale that utilizes a spring of known stiffness to measure mass or weight.

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Spring constant

A numerical value representing the stiffness of a spring, indicating how much force is required for a given extension.

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Hooke's law

The law that describes the relationship between the force applied to a spring and the resulting extension.

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Calibration

The act of adjusting a scale to provide accurate readings in a specific unit.

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Optical Microscopy

A type of microscopy that illuminates samples with light, allowing visualization of transparent samples.

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Phase Contrast Microscopy

A technique where light is passed through a sample, creating contrast by varying the light's phase. It allows the visualization of unstained, transparent samples.

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Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

A technique that uses polarized light to create a 3D-like image, enhancing contrast and revealing details in transparent samples.

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Electron Microscopy

Microscopy that uses electrons instead of light to illuminate samples. It allows for much higher magnification and resolution.

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Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

A type of electron microscopy that uses a beam of electrons to scan the surface of a sample. It provides detailed information about the sample's surface.

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Energy Conservation: Fume Hoods

Fume hoods are a major source of energy consumption in labs. Keeping them closed when not in use and lowering the opening when working can significantly reduce energy usage.

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Energy Conservation: Freezers

Freezers used in labs can consume as much energy as a household. Increasing the temperature by 10 degrees can save 40% of energy while still keeping most samples safe.

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Water Conservation: Air-Cooled Condensers

Replacing water-cooled condensers with air-cooled condensers can significantly reduce water consumption. Air-cooled condensers leverage a larger surface area for cooling.

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Energy Conservation: Ovens

Using timers to regulate the use of ovens, especially during nights and weekends, can dramatically reduce energy consumption.

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Waste Management & Energy

Proper waste sorting is crucial to reduce energy consumption associated with waste disposal. Distinguishing contaminated from non-contaminated waste allows for more efficient recycling and disposal.

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Laboratory Organization

Laboratory organization involves optimizing workflow and resource allocation. This can be achieved through different approaches like organization based on themes, teams, projects, or expertise.

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Work Division & Autonomy in Labs

Organization in labs extends to work division and autonomy, considering individual vs. group work. Some labs use schedules where individuals research their own interests one day a week and then work on a group project the rest.

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Financial Management in Labs

Effective financial management plays a crucial role in lab operation. It ensures efficient allocation of resources and helps maintain sustainability.

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Compound Microscope

A type of microscope that uses multiple lenses to magnify objects, providing a much higher magnification than a simple microscope.

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Who was the first to describe microscopic anatomy?

The person who first described the microscopic anatomy of organic tissue in detail using a microscope.

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When was Micrographia published?

The year in which Robert Hooke's Micrographia, which had an enormous impact on the world of microscopes, was published.

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Who was a pioneer in using microscopes to study biology?

This scientist discovered red blood cells, spermatozoa, and microorganisms, significantly contributing to the widespread use of microscopes in biology.

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When were microorganisms discovered?

The year when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek made the groundbreaking discovery of microorganisms.

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What is the condenser lens?

A crucial component of a light microscope which focuses light onto the specimen, contributing to the quality of the final image.

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What is the objective lens?

This lens in a microscope captures light from the specimen and amplifies it, forming the image you see.

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What is Köhler illumination?

A technique developed by August Köhler in 1893 for illuminating samples in a microscope, significantly enhancing the quality and resolution of images.

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What is histology?

The field of study focused on the microscopic structure of tissues and cells.

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What is the resolution limit of a light microscope?

The limit of how small an object can be seen using a light microscope, determined by factors like the wavelength of light, lens quality, and numerical aperture.

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Study Notes

Science Laboratory Technology (SLT)

  • Delgado Community College offers an Associate of Applied Science degree in Science Laboratory Technology (SLT)
  • SLT programs provide students with skills and techniques for everyday science lab work
  • The program focuses on fundamental principles of biological and physical sciences, emphasizing analytical lab techniques and applications, particularly in chemistry and biology
  • The curriculum explores various lab testing techniques and training in operating lab tools and equipment.
  • Graduates are prepared for employment in biological and associated science labs
  • Fields of opportunity include biological, agricultural, chemical, food science, environmental, forensic, forest, conservation, geological, and energy technology
  • The program includes lab experiences covering biological, biochemical, chemical, water, environmental, forensic, petrochemical, and agricultural science areas.

What is Science Laboratory Technology?

  • The SLT program focuses on the fundamental principles of biological and physical sciences, emphasizing analytical laboratory techniques and applications, specifically in chemistry and biology.

Science Laboratory Technology

  • Scientific investigation involves exploration of the environment and unknown to develop relevant hypotheses to establish its validity or otherwise.
  • A laboratory is a setting where scientific information and principles are tested and theories are tried out.
  • Laboratories are equipped with necessary tools and items.
  • Laboratories are organized based on the requirements of the specialists working within them. A physics lab may include a particle accelerator, a metallurgy lab might have metal casting equipment whereas a biologist's lab could have wet labs, and one for computer scientists will have computer equipment for analysis of data.

Laboratory Technology Goals and Objectives

  • Assisting in chemical analysis within educational institutions, food and chemical industries, research institutes
  • Assisting in biological experiments within institutional laboratories, farms, museums, and other establishments.
  • Assisting in physics experiments in educational institutions and industries.
  • Supervising laboratories in educational institutions,
  • Assisting in scientific warehouse organization and management.
  • Assisting in the marketing and distribution of scientific equipment and consumables.

Laboratory Equipment and Supplies

  • Equipment includes tools such as Bunsen burners and microscopes, in addition to other specialty equipment
  • Laboratory glassware (Beaker, reagent bottle)
  • Autoclave, Microscope, centrifuges, shakers, mixers, pipettes, analytical devices (e.g., HPLC, spectrophotometers)
  • Thermal cyclers (PCR), photometer, refrigerators and freezers, universal testing machine, ULT freezers, incubators, bioreactors, biological safety cabinets, sequencing instruments, fume hoods, environmental chambers, humidifiers, weighing scales.
  • Reagents and polymer supplies (consumables for µL and mL scale, mainly sterile).
  • Other tools and equipment will vary based on the type of lab.

Laboratory Safety

  • Laboratories contain potential hazards, including poisons, infectious agents, flammable, explosive, or radioactive materials, moving machinery, extreme temperatures, lasers, strong magnetic fields, and high voltage.
  • Safety procedures and equipment are used to minimize risks.

Laboratory Sustainability

  • Efforts to reduce energy consumption and implement waste sorting processes will create a greener work place.
  • Fume hoods, because of their large energy use, can potentially be impacted by adjusting their usage when not in use to maintain minimal energy use.

Weighing Scales

  • A scale or balance measures weight or mass.
  • Traditional scales use two plates or bowls suspended and use known weights to balance an unknown weight.
  • Spring scales use the extension of a spring.
  • Some scales calibrated to measure force (weight) and some measure mass in Kg or lbs.

Pan Balance History

  • Ancient Egyptian records include illustrations of scales.
  • Evidence of weighing scales dates back to the 4th Dynasty of Egypt.
  • Uniformly sized stones were used to represent an amount.
  • Weighing scales were used in ancient civilizations.

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