Laboratory Automation Lecture 1: Types of Analysis
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Questions and Answers

What are the stages of analysis in laboratory automation?

  • Pre-testing, Testing, Post-testing
  • Pre-analytic, Analytic, Post-analytic (correct)
  • Pre-specimen, Analyzing, Post-results
  • Pre-requesting, Testing, Post-collection

What is a Vacutainer used for in the context of laboratory analysis?

  • Transporting Patients
  • Analyzing Results
  • Specimen Collection (correct)
  • Requesting Tests

What are the controllable factors during specimen collection?

  • Environment, Fever, Season
  • Age, Sex, Race, Stress
  • Time of collection, Diet, Lifestyle, Drugs (correct)
  • Patient's previous history, Symptoms

In the context of laboratory tests, what is a Screening Request?

<p>A request for a predetermined set of tests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a combination of tests used in laboratory analysis?

<p>When a single test alone is not sufficient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the stages of Pre-analytical phase in laboratory analysis include?

<p>Request, Patient, Test, Specimen Collection &amp; Transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pre-analytic phase of clinical laboratory testing?

<p>To collect, handle, and transport specimens correctly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component typically included in a Hepatic Panel (Liver Profile) test?

<p>Cholesterol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid type is NOT commonly used for quantitative chemical investigations in clinical laboratories?

<p>Saliva (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Lipid Profile test?

<p>Determine lipid (cholesterol and triglycerides) levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of a Basic Metabolic Panel test?

<p>Bilirubin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is handling and transporting specimens efficiently crucial in clinical laboratory testing?

<p>To ensure reliable diagnostic information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly used to measure proteins like transferrin and prealbumin?

<p>Turbidimetric and nephelometric methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of selective antibodies in measuring proteins using turbidimetric methods?

<p>To produce aggregate particles that reflect light (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do fluorescent compounds differ from non-fluorescent compounds?

<p>They absorb light of one wavelength and emit light of another wavelength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In fluorescence measurements, where is the detector usually placed?

<p>At a 90° angle from the incident light (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an increase in the concentration of a fluorescent compound result in?

<p>More light emitted by the sample (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are analytes of interest in clinical chemistry inherently fluorescent?

<p>No, they are not innately fluorescent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pre-analytic Phase

The initial phase in laboratory testing, encompassing steps like test request, patient preparation, specimen collection, and transportation.

Analytic Phase

The stage where actual measurements and analyses are performed on the collected specimen.

Post-analytic Phase

The final stage, encompassing post-analysis procedures, reporting results, and ensuring quality control.

Vacutainer

A specialized tube used for collecting blood samples, often containing anticoagulants to prevent clotting.

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Controllable factors in specimen collection

Factors that can influence the quality and accuracy of collected specimens, such as the time of collection, diet, lifestyle, and medication use.

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Screening Request

A request for a specific set of tests to be performed on a patient, usually based on predetermined criteria.

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Combination of tests

Combining multiple tests to obtain a comprehensive assessment when a single test is insufficient.

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Hepatic Panel (Liver Profile)

A group of tests designed to assess the function of the liver.

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Lipid Profile

A test specifically designed to measure levels of lipids, including cholesterol and triglycerides.

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Basic Metabolic Panel

A set of tests that measure key aspects of blood chemistry, such as electrolytes, glucose, and kidney function.

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Specimen Handling and Transportation

Efficient handling and transportation of specimens to ensure their integrity and accuracy.

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Turbidimetric and Nephelometric Methods

Methods used to measure proteins, such as transferrin and prealbumin, based on the scattering of light by particles.

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Selective antibodies

Antibodies that selectively bind to specific proteins, enabling the formation of aggregates that scatter light.

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Fluorescent compounds

Compounds that absorb light at one wavelength and emit light at a longer wavelength.

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Detector placement in fluorescence measurements

The detector in a fluorescence measurement device is placed at a 90° angle to the incident light to maximize the detection of emitted fluorescence.

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Fluorescent compound concentration and light emission

An increase in the concentration of a fluorescent compound leads to an increase in the intensity of emitted light.

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Analytes and fluorescence

Most analytes of interest in clinical chemistry are not inherently fluorescent and require chemical modifications or specific reactions to become fluorescent.

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