Podcast
Questions and Answers
The strength of any labor organization depends on which of the following?
The strength of any labor organization depends on which of the following?
Which two of the following were reasons markets and firms expanded?
Which two of the following were reasons markets and firms expanded?
___________- buying so much of a product that the price decreases because you're making the seller more money by buying so much that he cuts a deal.
___________- buying so much of a product that the price decreases because you're making the seller more money by buying so much that he cuts a deal.
Buyer cooperatives
What gives you the greatest economic output?
What gives you the greatest economic output?
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The 8-hr Work Day Movement was created to decrease overall employment.
The 8-hr Work Day Movement was created to decrease overall employment.
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_______- A federation of unions that each independently represented a unique skilled craft or occupation.
_______- A federation of unions that each independently represented a unique skilled craft or occupation.
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Which of the following concepts does NOT reflect the American Federation of Labor?
Which of the following concepts does NOT reflect the American Federation of Labor?
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This historical figure related to the American Federation of Labor believed in living within the capitalistic system.
This historical figure related to the American Federation of Labor believed in living within the capitalistic system.
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_______- Struck the national railroads to put pressure on the Pullman company to reach an agreement with the union.
_______- Struck the national railroads to put pressure on the Pullman company to reach an agreement with the union.
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_______- Placed federal mail on the trains and obtained an injunction prohibiting the union from interfering with the trains.
_______- Placed federal mail on the trains and obtained an injunction prohibiting the union from interfering with the trains.
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_______- statement by legal authority stating you need to stop doing this and start doing this or else you will go to jail.
_______- statement by legal authority stating you need to stop doing this and start doing this or else you will go to jail.
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An example of _______ is when a union leader comes to a boss and says - employees are upset we might have a strike - employer says what can I do to make you hold it off - let me use your cabin in the summer.
An example of _______ is when a union leader comes to a boss and says - employees are upset we might have a strike - employer says what can I do to make you hold it off - let me use your cabin in the summer.
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Sweetheart contracts are legal.
Sweetheart contracts are legal.
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Initial goal of __________ was to overthrow the capitalist system by any means necessary.
Initial goal of __________ was to overthrow the capitalist system by any means necessary.
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The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) failed to establish an effective organization for which of the following reasons?
The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) failed to establish an effective organization for which of the following reasons?
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What was the purpose of government contracts during wartime?
What was the purpose of government contracts during wartime?
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Why did unions oppose immigration?
Why did unions oppose immigration?
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Open or Closed Shop: union controls who is hired by the employer - must be in union to be employed.
Open or Closed Shop: union controls who is hired by the employer - must be in union to be employed.
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Open or Closed Shop: company controls who is hired and fired - doesn't have to be in union to be employed.
Open or Closed Shop: company controls who is hired and fired - doesn't have to be in union to be employed.
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Employers wanted __________ because it meant workers did not have to be or become members of a union to get or keep a job.
Employers wanted __________ because it meant workers did not have to be or become members of a union to get or keep a job.
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Unions wanted __________ because it is an agreement requiring that an individual must be a member of the union before being hired by the employer.
Unions wanted __________ because it is an agreement requiring that an individual must be a member of the union before being hired by the employer.
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Which of the following is a factor contributing to Labor's Inability to Overcome Anti-Union Sentiment?
Which of the following is a factor contributing to Labor's Inability to Overcome Anti-Union Sentiment?
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Which two organizations joined together when production workers (semi and lower skilled) were becoming an increasingly larger percentage of the labor force?
Which two organizations joined together when production workers (semi and lower skilled) were becoming an increasingly larger percentage of the labor force?
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Most AFL Unions were open to inclusion of production workers in their unions and the AFL.
Most AFL Unions were open to inclusion of production workers in their unions and the AFL.
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Who was the leader of the Congress of Industrial Organizations?
Who was the leader of the Congress of Industrial Organizations?
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AFL unions expelled for dual unionism (in support of industrial unions) formed the _____________.
AFL unions expelled for dual unionism (in support of industrial unions) formed the _____________.
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What was the strongest piece of legislation affecting unions?
What was the strongest piece of legislation affecting unions?
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Which President became very friendly towards the unions because they helped the workers?
Which President became very friendly towards the unions because they helped the workers?
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Which President tried to balance out the changes of employee attitudes due to the Wagner Act?
Which President tried to balance out the changes of employee attitudes due to the Wagner Act?
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Which of the following factors accounting for the CIO's success is directly related to the Great Depression?
Which of the following factors accounting for the CIO's success is directly related to the Great Depression?
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When was union involvement at its height?
When was union involvement at its height?
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Union involvement has been increasing since the end of WWII.
Union involvement has been increasing since the end of WWII.
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Development of organized labor is aimed at both white collar AND public-sector employees.
Development of organized labor is aimed at both white collar AND public-sector employees.
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"As an employee, I can quit anytime I see fit - employer can fire anytime they want to" is an example of ________.
"As an employee, I can quit anytime I see fit - employer can fire anytime they want to" is an example of ________.
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An example of ________ is if you want to work for Walmart - if I hire you, you promise you will not join a union - you can't make any under the table deals.
An example of ________ is if you want to work for Walmart - if I hire you, you promise you will not join a union - you can't make any under the table deals.
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This document said: in America no organization can do anything which would interfere with the flow of commerce - nothing should get in the way of business doing business whether it's starting a business, buying or selling.
This document said: in America no organization can do anything which would interfere with the flow of commerce - nothing should get in the way of business doing business whether it's starting a business, buying or selling.
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- boycott - flow of commerce - price fixing are all relative to which of the following?
- boycott - flow of commerce - price fixing are all relative to which of the following?
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Which of the following was originally intended to prevent the restraint of trade by regulating business monopolies?
Which of the following was originally intended to prevent the restraint of trade by regulating business monopolies?
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__________- government agency that we pay with our tax dollars to oversee unions.
__________- government agency that we pay with our tax dollars to oversee unions.
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According to this, workers' rights are protected by law with or without a union. Employees can do certain things such as small boycotts.
According to this, workers' rights are protected by law with or without a union. Employees can do certain things such as small boycotts.
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A shortcoming of the Norris-La Guardia Act of 1932 was that there were no regulatory agency designated to enforce the act.
A shortcoming of the Norris-La Guardia Act of 1932 was that there were no regulatory agency designated to enforce the act.
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Which of the following is not a part of the Wagner Act?
Which of the following is not a part of the Wagner Act?
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Union power growing to the point that it was damaging the public was a main reason for the re-balancing of which Act?
Union power growing to the point that it was damaging the public was a main reason for the re-balancing of which Act?
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Although there were revisions to the Taft-Hartley Act, 3rd party strikes, sympathy strikes, and boycotts remained legal.
Although there were revisions to the Taft-Hartley Act, 3rd party strikes, sympathy strikes, and boycotts remained legal.
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An example of _______ is that the union would rather have more people working to increase their numbers although the positions could be filled by a single person.
An example of _______ is that the union would rather have more people working to increase their numbers although the positions could be filled by a single person.
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Which shop requires mandatory union membership?
Which shop requires mandatory union membership?
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Which shop requires union membership by employee choice?
Which shop requires union membership by employee choice?
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Which shop requires employees to pay only for representation?
Which shop requires employees to pay only for representation?
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This Act was passed to protect union member rights and ensure union democracy by - Required secret-ballot elections of union officers, Required union membership approval in setting dues and levying assessments, Set federal financial reporting requirements for unions.
This Act was passed to protect union member rights and ensure union democracy by - Required secret-ballot elections of union officers, Required union membership approval in setting dues and levying assessments, Set federal financial reporting requirements for unions.
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A main function of the NLRB was to interpret and administer the __________.
A main function of the NLRB was to interpret and administer the __________.
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The Railway Labor Act of 1926 originally covered only railway employees but was later amended to include airlines.
The Railway Labor Act of 1926 originally covered only railway employees but was later amended to include airlines.
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Which of the following was a result of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978?
Which of the following was a result of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978?
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_________- requires union and employer cooperation to avoid bankruptcy filings and the alteration of contracts.
_________- requires union and employer cooperation to avoid bankruptcy filings and the alteration of contracts.
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_________- requires employers to notify employees and communities of major workforce reductions.
_________- requires employers to notify employees and communities of major workforce reductions.
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Unions are in favor of WARN.
Unions are in favor of WARN.
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Which act questions if you're going to lay off a certain number of people - in one swoop - you must give them something such as 90 days notice - what will happen to those employees' productivity?
Which act questions if you're going to lay off a certain number of people - in one swoop - you must give them something such as 90 days notice - what will happen to those employees' productivity?
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_________- relocating, illegal acts, refusal to bargain, decertification, and filing for bankruptcy.
_________- relocating, illegal acts, refusal to bargain, decertification, and filing for bankruptcy.
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_________- positive human resources management.
_________- positive human resources management.
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Strategies to avoid a union are good wages and benefits, empowerment, participative rights.
Strategies to avoid a union are good wages and benefits, empowerment, participative rights.
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_________- company paternalism, company-sponsored employee organizations, forms of employee participation and involvement.
_________- company paternalism, company-sponsored employee organizations, forms of employee participation and involvement.
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If a state is a non-right to work state - if there is a union at the company then employees are not required to join that union.
If a state is a non-right to work state - if there is a union at the company then employees are not required to join that union.
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Which of the following is a main way to avoid unionization?
Which of the following is a main way to avoid unionization?
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Chamber of commerce represents the interests of all businesses but itself is NOT a business.
Chamber of commerce represents the interests of all businesses but itself is NOT a business.
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Unions are organized similar to businesses - more republican.
Unions are organized similar to businesses - more republican.
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What is the biggest union in the United States?
What is the biggest union in the United States?
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__________- Employers hire only employees referred by the union if the union can supply enough qualified workers.
__________- Employers hire only employees referred by the union if the union can supply enough qualified workers.
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__________- Union employees are given employment preference over nonemployees when a new facility is opened.
__________- Union employees are given employment preference over nonemployees when a new facility is opened.
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_________- The hall is required to refer both union members and nonmembers in a nondiscriminatory manner.
_________- The hall is required to refer both union members and nonmembers in a nondiscriminatory manner.
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_________- Yearly union membership fees are automatically deducted from union employees' paychecks by the employer.
_________- Yearly union membership fees are automatically deducted from union employees' paychecks by the employer.
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Union Security is the same as Job Security.
Union Security is the same as Job Security.
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The average pay is LOWER in non-right to work states.
The average pay is LOWER in non-right to work states.
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Is Union Governance more or less democratic than the U.S. system of government? Example: National Conventions?
Is Union Governance more or less democratic than the U.S. system of government? Example: National Conventions?
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Study Notes
Labor Organization and Economic Systems
- The strength of labor organizations relies on financial stability, ability to navigate political and economic systems, legislative support, and fulfilling member goals.
- Expansion of markets and firms driven by increased competition, new mass-production technologies, urban labor surpluses, and improved transportation.
Impact of Production and Labor Dynamics
- Purchasing large quantities of a product can lower prices due to increased revenue for the seller.
- Capitalism is perceived to provide the highest economic output compared to socialism and industrialism.
- The 8-hour workday movement aimed to improve working conditions, not decrease overall employment.
Unions and Their Structure
- The American Federation of Labor represents various skilled crafts independently rather than through one unified organization, ensuring local unions manage their labor relations.
- Samuel Gompers was a key figure in the AFL, advocating for labor rights while operating within capitalism.
Historical Labor Actions
- The American Railway Union aimed to place pressure on the Pullman Company through national strikes, influencing labor relations during the industrial era.
- Legal responses often included injunctions, reflecting judicial authority over labor disputes.
Labor Market and Employment Relations
- Sweetheart contracts, where union leaders make agreements with employers, are controversial but can be legal.
- The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) initially sought to transform capitalism through radical means but struggled to establish a sustainable organization due to a lack of committed membership.
Government Influence and Labor Standards
- The purpose of wartime government contracts was to maintain union standards and ensure continuous production during conflicts.
- Legislation such as the Wagner Act provided significant protections for union workers, promoting collective bargaining rights and establishing an oversight body.
Union Membership Dynamics
- Closed shops require union membership for employment, contrasting with open shops where union affiliation is not necessary.
- Anticipated resistance to unionization arises from economic fears, perceived corruption, and the reluctance of employees to forfeit paychecks for union dues.
Historical Legislation and its Outcomes
- The Taft-Hartley Act was a response to perceived union excesses, restructuring labor relations and restricting union powers.
- The Norris-LaGuardia Act aimed to protect workers' rights to organize without interference, though it lacked enforcement provisions.
Employee Rights and Union Relationships
- The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act mandates advance notice for layoffs, affecting employer strategies during downsizing.
- Union strategies to maintain influence include providing fair wages and building positive management relations to deter unionization.
Trends in Unionization and Workforce Dynamics
- Union participation peaked after WWII, but has seen a decline since, indicating shifts in labor market dynamics and employee attitudes toward unions.
- The landscape of labor relations continues to evolve, influenced by political changes, economic conditions, and changing workforce demographics.
Additional Union Concepts
- Union governance involves electing officers and creating democratic structures, with membership dues often deducted directly from paychecks.
- Union-specific practices, such as hiring halls and preferential hiring, reflect the ongoing negotiation between union influence and employer discretion.
Summary of Key Points
- Strong labor organizations require cohesion and political savvy.
- Historical labor movements reflect ongoing tensions within economic systems.
- Legal frameworks evolve to balance power between unions, employers, and government oversight, shaping the future of labor relations.
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Description
Test your knowledge on labor organizations and their impact on economic systems. Explore the dynamics of production, labor movements, and the structure of unions like the American Federation of Labor. This quiz delves into historical and modern approaches to labor relations.
