Lab Tests: Blood Specimen Collection and Analysis

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What type of blood specimen is preferred for hematological and biochemical investigations?

Arterial
Capillary
Mixed
Venous (correct)

What is the average hemoglobin level in a normal adult male?

14-18 gm% (correct)
12-14 gm%
18-22 gm%
16-20 gm%

What is the purpose of using a Sahli hemoglobinometer?

To diagnose anemia
To detect blood groups
To quantify hemoglobin in blood (correct)
To measure hematocrit value

What is the term for the phenomenon that results in higher hematocrit values in venous blood than in arterial blood?

Chloride Shift Phenomenon (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal hematocrit value in a newborn infant?

53-55% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the increase in hematocrit value due to loss of plasma volume?

Dehydration (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of blood indices?

Diagnosis of anemia and polycythemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a low MCH indicate?

Hypochromic anemia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for MCV?

80-95 cubic microns (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of anemia is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency?

Macrocytic anemia (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate MCH?

Hemoglobin in gm / RBCs count in millions × 10 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of anemia is caused by chronic bleeding?

Normocytic anemia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of abnormally decreased RBCs and conditions that cause tissue breakdown on ESR?

Increase in ESR (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for bleeding time?

1-4 minutes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the MCH of an individual with a RBCs count of 3000000/mm3 and hemoglobin content 7 gm?

23.3 pg (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of purpura on coagulation time?

No effect on coagulation time (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of anemia is characterized by a low MCH?

Hypochromic anemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the osmotic fragility test?

To determine RBCs fragility (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of prolonged coagulation time in patients with liver disease or obstructive jaundice?

Vitamin K deficiency (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of anticoagulant administration on coagulation time?

Prolongation of coagulation time (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the osmotic fragility test in individuals with hereditary spherocytosis?

Hemolysis starts at 0.7% and complete at 0.5% (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why do RBCs tend to sediment towards the bottom of a vertical tube in Westergreen's technique?

Specific gravity of RBCs is greater than specific gravity of plasma (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of splenectomy on coagulation time?

Shortening of coagulation time (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a physiological increase in ESR observed during?

Pregnancy and menstruation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the population has blood type A?

40% of population (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the agglutinogen present in the RBCs of Rhesus monkeys?

Rh factor (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is blood group O called the universal donor?

Because it contains no agglutinogen (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of people who are Rh positive?

85% of people (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of agglutination of RBCs?

Agglutinin is markedly neutralized and agglutinogen is markedly diluted (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of blood transfusion from an Rh +ve person to an Rh -ve person?

Anti-Rh antibody is formed (D) Signup and view all the answers