30 Questions
What type of blood specimen is preferred for hematological and biochemical investigations?
Venous
What is the average hemoglobin level in a normal adult male?
14-18 gm%
What is the purpose of using a Sahli hemoglobinometer?
To quantify hemoglobin in blood
What is the term for the phenomenon that results in higher hematocrit values in venous blood than in arterial blood?
Chloride Shift Phenomenon
What is the normal hematocrit value in a newborn infant?
53-55%
What is the term for the increase in hematocrit value due to loss of plasma volume?
Dehydration
What is the primary use of blood indices?
Diagnosis of anemia and polycythemia
What does a low MCH indicate?
Hypochromic anemia
What is the normal range for MCV?
80-95 cubic microns
What type of anemia is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency?
Macrocytic anemia
What is the formula to calculate MCH?
Hemoglobin in gm / RBCs count in millions × 10
What type of anemia is caused by chronic bleeding?
Normocytic anemia
What is the result of abnormally decreased RBCs and conditions that cause tissue breakdown on ESR?
Increase in ESR
What is the normal range for bleeding time?
1-4 minutes
What is the MCH of an individual with a RBCs count of 3000000/mm3 and hemoglobin content 7 gm?
23.3 pg
What is the effect of purpura on coagulation time?
No effect on coagulation time
What type of anemia is characterized by a low MCH?
Hypochromic anemia
What is the purpose of the osmotic fragility test?
To determine RBCs fragility
What is the cause of prolonged coagulation time in patients with liver disease or obstructive jaundice?
Vitamin K deficiency
What is the effect of anticoagulant administration on coagulation time?
Prolongation of coagulation time
What is the result of the osmotic fragility test in individuals with hereditary spherocytosis?
Hemolysis starts at 0.7% and complete at 0.5%
Why do RBCs tend to sediment towards the bottom of a vertical tube in Westergreen's technique?
Specific gravity of RBCs is greater than specific gravity of plasma
What is the effect of splenectomy on coagulation time?
Shortening of coagulation time
What is a physiological increase in ESR observed during?
Pregnancy and menstruation
What percentage of the population has blood type A?
40% of population
What is the term for the agglutinogen present in the RBCs of Rhesus monkeys?
Rh factor
Why is blood group O called the universal donor?
Because it contains no agglutinogen
What is the percentage of people who are Rh positive?
85% of people
What is the result of agglutination of RBCs?
Agglutinin is markedly neutralized and agglutinogen is markedly diluted
What is the result of blood transfusion from an Rh +ve person to an Rh -ve person?
Anti-Rh antibody is formed
This quiz covers the different types of blood specimens, including venous, arterial, and capillary blood, and their uses in routine laboratory tests for hematological and biochemical investigations.
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