10 Questions
What is the primary purpose of the cross-matching test?
To determine the compatibility of donor and recipient blood
How many parts does the cross-matching test typically involve?
Two
What is the purpose of collecting a 5ml blood sample in a plain vial from the patient?
To detect alloantibodies in the patient's serum
What is the purpose of recording the number on the segment of the tube attached to the bag?
To identify the donor
What is the primary purpose of the major crossmatch?
To determine whether the patient has an antibody that may cause a hemolytic transfusion reaction
Why is it essential to perform accurate ABO and Rh typing of both the donor and recipient?
To ensure safe transfusion
What is the recommended method instead of the open slide method?
Tube method
What is the purpose of the minor crossmatch?
To test the patient's cells with the donor's plasma
What is the incubation period for the open slide method?
10-15 minutes
What is examined macroscopically and microscopically in the open slide method?
Agglutination and hemolysis
Study Notes
Compatibility Testing - Cross Matching
- A compatibility test is essential before all transfusions
- The cross-match test is used to determine the compatibility of donor and recipient blood
Importance of Cross Matching
- Tests are necessary for a safe transfusion
- Accurate testing of ABO and Rh typing of both the donor and recipient is done
- Screening tests of the sera of both the recipient and donor are done to detect any irregular antibodies
- Screening for HIV, HBV, HCV, Malaria, Syphilis, etc. is done
Sample Collection
- The blood sample from the patient must be collected in both EDTA and plain tubes
- At least 5 ml blood sample in a plain vial is required for detection of alloantibodies in the patient's serum
- The donor sample is collected from the pilot tube or one of the segments of the tube attached to the bag
Methods of Cross Matching
- Saline Cross Match
- Open Slide Method
- Saline Tube Method
- Immediate-Spin and Thermal Incubation Modification
- Albumin Tube Method
- Coomb's Cross Matching
Saline Cross Match (Open Slide Method)
- Make 5% suspension in saline of the patient's cells and donor cells
- Take a clean glass slide and mark left and right sides with one circle each
- Add 1 drop of patient's serum and 1 drop of donor's cells suspension on the major side
- Add 1 drop of donor's serum and 1 drop of patient's cells suspension on the minor side
- Mix by gently rotating the slide and incubate at room temperature for 10-15 minutes
Examining Results
- Examine both macroscopically and microscopically for agglutination
- The cross-match test allows detection of both agglutination and haemolysis as an indicator of incompatibility
Importance of Major and Minor Cross Match
- The major cross-match involves testing the patient's serum with donor cells to determine whether the patient has an antibody that may cause a hemolytic transfusion reaction or decreased cell survival of donor cells
- The minor cross-match involves testing the patient's cells with donor plasma to determine whether there is an antibody in the donor's plasma directed against an antigen on the patient's cells
This quiz covers the importance of compatibility testing before blood transfusions, including the cross-matching procedure and its two parts. It also covers the necessary tests for safe transfusion.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
