Lecture 23 – Enzymes

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of enzymes?

  • To serve as structural components
  • To act as catalysts in biochemical reactions (correct)
  • To provide energy for metabolic processes
  • To transport molecules across membranes

What is a co-factor?

  • A type of enzyme
  • A small molecule required for enzyme activity (correct)
  • A substrate for biochemical reactions
  • A product of enzymatic reactions

Which of the following is an example of an inorganic co-factor?

  • NAD
  • Vitamin C
  • Zinc (correct)
  • Coenzyme A

What is the term for an enzyme without its co-factor?

<p>Apoenzyme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "turnover number" (kcat) refer to?

<p>The rate at which substrate is converted to product (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can affect the catalytic constant of an enzyme?

<p>Temperature and pH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The "lock and key" model of enzyme action was proposed by which scientist?

<p>Emil Fischer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the induced fit model propose about enzyme-substrate interaction?

<p>The substrate causes the active site to change shape upon binding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of interactions stabilize the enzyme-substrate (ES) complex?

<p>Non-covalent interactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a basic principle of enzyme catalysis?

<p>Oxidative phosphorylation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do metal ions play in enzyme function?

<p>They can serve as co-factors that facilitate reactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzyme is chymotrypsin?

<p>Hydrolase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme cleaves peptide bonds at the C-terminal side of aromatic amino acids?

<p>Chymotrypsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding enzyme specificity?

<p>Some enzymes can differentiate between isomers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "active site" refer to in an enzyme?

<p>The part of the enzyme that binds the substrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of catalysis involves a molecule other than water acting as a proton donor or acceptor?

<p>General acid-base catalysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin in blood coagulation?

<p>Thrombin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes would function best in an acidic environment?

<p>Pepsin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

<p>Enzymes have an optimal temperature range. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a high concentration of substrate on enzyme activity, according to the Michaelis-Menten model?

<p>It eventually reaches a maximum velocity (Vmax). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the induced fit model, what happens when the substrate binds to the enzyme?

<p>The enzyme undergoes a conformational change. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of chymotrypsin in digestion?

<p>It hydrolyzes peptide bonds. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "catalysis by approximation" mean?

<p>The enzyme brings substrates close together to facilitate a reaction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly used to measure enzyme activity?

<p>Spectrophotometry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of weak non-covalent interactions in the enzyme-substrate complex?

<p>They stabilize the transition state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of enzymes?

<p>They are highly specific for their substrates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of trypsin in the digestive system?

<p>It cleaves proteins at the carboxyl side of basic amino acids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of enzymatic reactions?

<p>It shows a hyperbolic relationship (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proteases in biological systems?

<p>To hydrolyze peptide bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes is known for its broad substrate specificity?

<p>Papain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris

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