Kuchipudi Dance Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary wood used to create the costumes in Kuchipudi?

  • Teak
  • Bamboo
  • Mahogany
  • Boorugu (correct)

    • Which rasa plays a predominant role in Kuchipudi dance?

  • Adbhuta
  • Shringara (correct)
  • Veera
  • Bhayanaka

    • Which of the following is NOT a popular Kuchipudi Shabdam?

  • Krishna Shabdam
  • Natyashastra Shabdam (correct)
  • Dasavatharam Shabdam
  • Manduka Shabdam

    • Who is known as the 'Mother of Mohiniyattam'?

    <p>Kalyanikutty Amma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic features the superlative performance style of Mohiniyattam?

    <p>Lasya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the dance segment 'Varnam' in Mohiniyattam primarily focus on?

    <p>Mimicry and story communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a classification of Adavus in Mohiniyattam?

    <p>Makalai</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which followed an invocation to goddess Bhagavati in Mohiniyattam?

    <p>Cholkettu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of music accompanies Mohiniattam dance?

    <p>Carnatic style</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary theme of Manipuri classical dance?

    <p>Love between Radha and Krishna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is used in both Mohiniattam and Manipuri dance?

    <p>Mridangam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What language are the lyrics in Manipuri songs typically based on?

    <p>Manipravalam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary attire worn by female dancers in Mohiniattam?

    <p>Kasavu saree</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dance form features the execution of basic movements known as Atavakul?

    <p>Mohiniattam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What year was Ras Leela first recognized as a distinct dance form?

    <p>1779</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the style of Odissi called that incorporates athletic and acrobatic movements?

    <p>Gotipua</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is notably featured in the Pung Cholam dance?

    <p>Pung (drum)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of dance is Cholom in Manipuri dance forms?

    <p>Classical Tandava dance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the collection of specific hand gestures used in Mohiniattam?

    <p>Adavus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of Manipuri dance reflects Lasya as noted in Natya Shastra?

    <p>Cholom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region of India did the Odissi dance originate?

    <p>Odisha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central theme often depicted in Odissi dance performances?

    <p>Religious stories and spiritual ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dance form is associated with the neo-Vaishnavite movement started by Srimanta Sankardev?

    <p>Sattriya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Abhinaya in classical Indian dance?

    <p>To explain a religious story or legend through expressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary dance position in Odissi?

    <p>Kathak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Chowk posture in Odissi dance?

    <p>It imitates a square and is a masculine stance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is typically NOT included in an Odissi orchestra?

    <p>B tabla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable characteristic of the Kathak dance style?

    <p>It is a fusion of Hindu and Muslim artistic expressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Sattriya dance, what does the term 'Mati Akhara' refer to?

    <p>A basic dance unit and exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main theme of Kathak, as identified in the content?

    <p>Stories of Radha and Krishna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of jewellery is specifically mentioned for Sattriya dance?

    <p>Kesa Sun jewellery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is unique to Kathak performance?

    <p>Nritya showcasing a story through gestures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dance styles 'Paurashik Bhangi' and 'Stri Bhangi' are associated with which dance form?

    <p>Sattriya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is included in the music for Kathak?

    <p>Pakhawaj</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the term 'Ankiya Nat' in Sattriya dance?

    <p>Narrative plays with a single act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of 'Gat bhav' within the Kathak performance structure?

    <p>Performance without music to express themes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Kathakali' specifically refer to in classical Indian dance?

    <p>Dance form of Kerala depicting various themes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'Aharya Abhinaya' in Kathakali?

    <p>Importance of costumes and make-up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Kathakali, what color is primarily used to depict noble characters?

    <p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following instruments is NOT typically associated with Kathakali music?

    <p>Mohuri</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two major dance forms that precede Kathakali?

    <p>Krishnanattam and Ramanattam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique feature distinguishes Chhau dance from other classical Indian dance forms?

    <p>Emphasis on storytelling with masks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common theme depicted in Chhau dance?

    <p>Mythological narratives from Hindu epics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 'Kelikottu' in a Kathakali performance?

    <p>Formal announcement of the dance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of Kathakali involves the portrayal of emotions through body and facial gestures?

    <p>Abhinaya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which community is primarily associated with performing Chhau dance?

    <p>Mundas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What classification do characters like Ravana fall under in Kathakali's classification system?

    <p>Rajasika</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Dhanasi' in a Kathakali performance?

    <p>Final dance segment of the performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following dance forms incorporates a combination of literature, music, and acting?

    <p>Kathakali</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did the Ministry of Culture officially recognize Chhau as a classical dance form of India?

    <p>2010</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Kuchipudi

    • Costumes: Rakudi (head ornament), Chandra Vanki (arm band), Adda Bhasa, Kasina Sara (necklace)
    • Material: Light wood called Boorugu
    • History: Traced to early times in Kuchipudi, Margi and Desi styles, referenced in Nrittaratnavali by Jaya Senapati.
    • Focus: Primarily Shingara rasa (love)
    • Music: Classical South Indian Carnatic music, Mridangam, cymbals, veena, flute, tambura
    • Solo Pieces (Shabdam): Dasavatharam, Manduka, Krishna, Ramayana, Mandodari
    • Solo Performances: Tarangam (feet balancing), Jala Chitra Nrityam (floor drawing), Manduka Shabdam (frog's story)
    • Famous Dancers: Guru Smt. Vijaya Prasad, Dr. Vempati Chinna Satyam, Kalpalathika, Raja and Radha Reddy, Kaushalya Reddy, Yamini Reddy, Bhavana Reddy, Atisha Pratap Singh, Sreelakshmy Govardhanan, Smt. Vyjayanthi Kashi, Haleem Khan, Prateeksha Kashi, Yamini Krishnamurthy, Arunima Kumar, Achuta Manasa, Shobha Naidu, Uma Rama Rao, Vedantam Satyanarayana Sarma

    Mohiniyattam

    • Origin: Kerala, honoring Hindu God Vishnu as Mohini
    • Style: Lasya-style based on Natya Shastra.
    • Elements: Nritta, Nritya; facial expressions, hand gestures
    • Seven Portions: Cholkettu (invocation), Jatisvaram (dance on notes), Varnam (mimicry), Padam (song), Tillana (melody interpretation), Shlokam (hymn), Saptam (expressions introduced)
    • Steps and Gestures: Adavus (steps: Thaganams, Jaganams, Dhaganams, Samishrams), Mudras (hand gestures), codified by Kalamandalam Kalyanikutty Amma in the 20th century.
    • Music: Carnatic style, "Cholu" (gaps in rhythm), Manipravalam lyrics (Sanskrit and Tamil/Malayalam), flute, veena, Mridangam, Maddalam, Ildakka, Kuzhitalam (cymbals), Sopana style songs
    • Costume: Kasavu saree (white/off-white with gold brocade)
    • Basic Movements: Atavakul (40 basic movements)
    • Early References: Vyavaharamala (1709), Gosha Yatra, Balarama Bharatam
    • Famous Dancers: Sunanda Nair, Smitha Rajan, Gopika Varma, Jayaprabha Menon, Pallavi Krishnan, Vinitha Nedungadi

    Manipuri

    • Origin: Manipur, Hindu Vaishnavism themes, Radha-Krishna's Rasleela
    • Music: Classical Hindustani music
    • Instruments: Pena (bamboo/coconut drum), Khol (two-sided drum), Pung (cylindrical drum), Jhal (large cymbals), Ramkartal (small cymbals), Dahpi (big gong), Dah Cha (small gong), Theile (bamboo flute), Selki (horn), Goshem (bamboo pipe), Esraj (string instrument)
    • Dance Categories: Jagoi (Lasya), Cholom (Tandava)
    • Dance Forms: Raas, Sankirtan, Dhola Cholam, Kartal Cholam, Pung Cholam (drum dance), Thang ta (martial art)
    • Sankirtan: Ritual singing, drumming, and dancing, UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
    • Raas Leela: Eternal love of Radha and Krishna, three types: Tal, Danda, Mandal
    • Pung Cholom: Prelude to Ras Lila, elements of Manipuri martial arts Thang Ta, traditional Maibi Jagoi dance
    • Dhol Cholom: Performed in spring (Yaosang)
    • Kartal Cholam: Tandava dance of cymbals
    • Thang ta: Manipuri martial art, Huyin Lallong (unarmed & armed combat)
    • Famous Dancers: Hanjaba Guru Bipin Singha, Jhaveri Sisters, Nirmala Mehta, Savita Mehta

    Odissi

    • Origin: Odisha, Hindu temples,Valshnavism (Vishnu as Jagannath)
    • History: Oldest surviving classical dance form in India (2nd century BCE)
    • Styles: Primarily performed by women (maharis) focused on temple dance, boys dressed as girls (gotipuas), athletic and acrobatic movements.
    • Performance Elements: Invocation, nritta (pure dance), nritya (expressive dance), natya (dance drama), moksha (spiritual release)
    • Music: Hindustani classical music, Kalyana, Nata, Shree Gowda, Baradi, pakhawaj, singer, flutist, sitar/violin, manjira (cymbals)
    • Mudras: 24 in Natyashastra, 28 in Abhinaya Darapana
    • Dance Positions: Samabhanga, Abhyanga, Tribhanga, Chowk (square masculine stance) & Tribhanga (feminine stance)
    • Costumes: Sambalpuri saree, Bomkai saree, Odissi silver jewellery, halir-do
    • Famous Dancers: Sonal Mansingh, Jhelum Paranjape, Mayadhar Rao, Gangadhar Pradhan, Ileana Citarasu,Leena Mohanty, Chitra Krishnamurti, Bijayini Satpathy, Madhavi Mudgal

    Sattriya

    • Origin: Assam, part of the neo-Vaishnavite movement by Srimanta Sankardev
    • Styles: Ankiya Nat (one-act plays), Paurashik Bhangi (male), Stri Bhangi (female), influenced by folk dances (Ojapali, Devadasi, Bihu, Bodos)
    • Performance: Monasteries (Bhokots), stage by both genders
    • Basic Dance Unit: Mati Akhara (64 foundational sets)
    • Subdivisions of Mati Akhara: Ora, Saata, Jhalak, Sitika, Pak, Jap, Lon, and Khar
    • Styles: Paurashik (masculine), energetic jumps, Stri (feminine), Lasya, delicate
    • Anga (Limb types): six types; Pratyanga (types of Limb): six types; Upanga (Lower Limb type): six types; Gatived (Movement type): nine types; Dristived (Eye Movement type): eight types; Shiraved (Head Movement type): nine types; Gribaved (Neck Movement type): four types
    • Costume: Pat silk saree (colorful motifs), Kesa Sun (raw gold jewellery), Kopali (forehead ornament), MuthiKharu, Gam Kharu (bracelets)
    • Music: Khol (drum), Bahi (flute), Violin, Tanpura, Harmonium, Shankha (Conch Shell), Borgeets (comprising Sankaradeva's songs)
    • Repertoire: Bhaona-related (Gayan-Bhayanar Nach to Kharmanar Nach), Dance numbers (Chali, Rajagharia Chali, Jhumura, Nadu Bhangi)
    • Famous Dancers: Gunakanta Dutta Barbayan, Manik Barbayan, Jogen Dutta Bayan, Anita Sarma, Sarodi Saikia, Haricharan Bhuyan Borbayan, Ramkrishna Talukdar, Ranjumoni Saikia

    Kathak

    • Origin: Uttar Pradesh, Sanskrit, "Katha" (story), "Kathakar" (storyteller)
    • Influence: Mughals
    • Golden Age: Wajid Ali Shah (last Nawab of Oudh)
    • Fusion: Hindu and Muslim creativity in art
    • Performance Sections: Invocation, Nritta, Nritya
    • Invocation: Prayer to guru and god (mudras for Hindu, "salami" for Muslim)
    • Nritta: Pure dance, slow/graceful movements of neck, wrists, eyebrows, fast sequences ("bols")
    • Nritya: Story/theme through gestures, expressions, slow movements, vocal/instrumental music
    • Recitals: Ananda (introductory), Todas/Rukdas (short fast rhythms), Padhant (reciting bols), Jugalbandi (dancer/tabla play), Tarana (pure rhythmic movements), Kramalaya (concluding intricate footwork), Gat bhav (dance without music)
    • Music: Hindustani music (tabla, pakhavaj, harmonium, sarangi, talam)
    • Famous Dancers: Pandit Birju Maharaj, Lachu Maharaj, Shambu Maharaj, Shovna Narayan, Kumari Kamala, Sunanya Hazarilal Agarwal, Pandit Durgalal, Prerana Shrimala, Rani Karna, Sitara Devi, Rupa Rani Das Bora

    Kathakali

    • Origin: Kerala, Sanskrit, "Katha" (story), "Kali" (performance)
    • Form: Dance-drama
    • Elements: Literature, Music, Painting, Acting, Dance; Abhinaya (Angika, Aharya, Vachika, Satvika); Nritta, Nritya, Natya
    • Characters: Satvika (noble), Rajasika (evil), Tamasika (beard)
    • Makeup Codes: Pacca (gods), Minukku (virtuous female), Teppu (special), Kari (hunters), Tati (evil), Payuppu (ripe), Kutti (knife)
    • Female/monk color code: yellow
    • Music: Five Basic Taalas (athata, muriatantha, chempa, chempata, triputa, panchari), Chenda, Maddalam, Chengila, Ilathalam, Idakka, Shankhu
    • Costume: "Aharya Abhinaya" (costumes, ornaments, makeup), intricate makeup, costumes, face masks, head dress
    • Performance: Kelikottu (audience attention), Thodayam (formal announcement), Vandanaslokam (prayer), Purappad (introduces character), Melappadam (musicians/drummers), Dhanasi (pure dance), Tiranocku (all characters debut).
    • Famous Dancers: Kalamandalam Gopi, Haripriya Namboodiri, Kalamandalam Krishna Prasad, Kottakal Sivaraman, Kalamandalam Ramankutty Nair, Kalamandalam Vasu Pisharody, Kavungal Chathunni Panicker

    Chhau

    • Origin: West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha, martial traditions
    • Styles: Purulia Chhau, Seraikella Chhau, Mayurbhanj Chhau
    • Themes: Hindu epics (Ramayana, Mahabharata), Puranas, Shaivism, Shaktism, Vaishnavism.
    • UNESCO: UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
    • Music: Mohuri, Shehnai, Dhol, Dhumsa, Kharka, Shadhadi, Mukhis, Kalindis, Ghadheis
    • Vocabulary: Khel (mock combat), chalis/topkas (stylized gaits), uflis (village housewife movements), masks (Purulia & Seraikella)
    • Communities: Mundas, Mahatos, Kalindis, Pattnaiks, Samals, Darogas, Mohantys, Acharyas, Kars, Dubeys, Sahoos
    • Famous Dancers: Jagannath Choudhury, Mousumi Choudhury, Biren Kalindi, Binadhar Kumar, Kartik Singh Mura, Baghambar Singh Mura

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    Explore the rich tradition of Kuchipudi dance, including its unique costumes, musical accompaniment, and historical significance. Discover famous solo performances and renowned dancers who have contributed to this classical South Indian art form. This quiz will enhance your understanding of the Kuchipudi style and its essence.

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