Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of Stage 1 in Kohlberg's stages of morality?
What is the main characteristic of Stage 2 in Kohlberg's stages of morality?
The instrumental relativist orientation
What motivates children in Stage 3 of Kohlberg's moral development?
Living up to social expectations and roles
What notable belief characterizes Stage 4 in moral development?
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What defines Stage 5 of Kohlberg's moral reasoning?
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What is the emphasis of Stage 6 in moral reasoning?
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Which stages are included in Preconventional Morality?
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What level is associated with Stage 3 and Stage 4?
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What is the third level of moral development called?
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Study Notes
Kohlberg's Stages of Morality
Stage 1: Punishment and Obedience Orientation
- Characterized by a focus on direct consequences for actions.
- Example: Surfer Dan pretends to be sick to avoid school in favor of surfing.
- Example: Charlie takes 2 Advil tablets to relieve a headache, prioritizing immediate personal relief.
Stage 2: Instrumental Relativist Orientation
- Involves understanding how actions impact personal interests and relationships.
- Example: Ann gives Jill a birthday present anticipating a reciprocal gift.
- Example: Johnny performs well academically to earn a promised reward (a car) from his father.
Stage 3: Interpersonal Concordance Orientation
- Emphasizes living up to social expectations and maintaining good relationships.
- Example: Edgar gets good grades to make his parents proud.
- Example: Janie cleans her room to meet her mother's expectations.
Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation
- Encourages adherence to societal rules and the importance of authority for social order.
- Example: David avoids associating with drug users, viewing them as undesirable.
- Example: Albert restricts the use of curse words to informal settings, respecting formal environments.
- Example: Paulie helps Rocky with homework as a demonstration of his commitment to National Honor Society values.
Stage 5: Social Contract Legalistic Orientation
- Acknowledges varying values in society and the necessity of consensus for laws.
- Example: Angela and friends neglect Sophia's financial situation while shopping, showing disregard for collective inclusivity.
- Example: Majority rules determine the movie selection despite differing individual desires.
Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principle Orientation
- Grounded in abstract reasoning with a commitment to ethical principles overriding laws.
- Example: June's family supports her needs despite challenges, demonstrating unconditional love and understanding.
Levels of Morality
- Preconventional Morality (Stages 1 & 2): Focus on self-interest and obedience to authority.
- Conventional Morality (Stages 3 & 4): Importance placed on social roles, expectations, and maintaining order.
- Postconventional Morality (Stages 5 & 6): Emphasis on individual rights, societal values, and universal ethical principles.
Stage Descriptions
- Stage 1: Rules are fixed; morality determined by punishment.
- Stage 2: Individual needs are prioritized; reciprocity exists if beneficial.
- Stage 3: Normative social behavior guides morality; emphasis on relationships.
- Stage 4: Societal welfare becomes central; laws and authority are respected.
- Stage 5: Societal contract recognized; laws must align with collective agreement.
- Stage 6: Adherence to ethical principles that may challenge laws; focus on justice.
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Description
Explore Kohlberg's theory of moral development through its stages. This quiz covers the nuances of each stage, from punishment orientation to law and order. Test your understanding of the examples and implications of these moral stages.
