Untitled Quiz
21 Questions
0 Views

Untitled Quiz

Created by
@LuckiestGingko

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of RNA polymerase during transcription?

  • To synthesize RNA from a DNA template (correct)
  • To replicate DNA
  • To splice RNA molecules
  • To translate mRNA into proteins

    • What distinguishes eukaryotic transcription from prokaryotic transcription?

  • Eukaryotic transcription involves the use of transcription factors (correct)
  • Eukaryotes do not require RNA polymerase
  • Eukaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm
  • Prokaryotes use only a single RNA polymerase type

    • What is a polycistronic transcript?

  • A specially modified transcript that lacks a 5' cap
  • A transcript that can be translated into multiple proteins (correct)
  • A transcript that requires splicing before translation
  • A transcript encoding a single gene

    • Which of the following correctly describes a consensus sequence?

    <p>A region of DNA that recruits various transcription factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the elongation phase of transcription, which direction is RNA synthesized?

    <p>5' to 3'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the opposite orientation of the two strands of DNA?

    <p>Antiparallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA helix during replication?

    <p>Helicase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

    <p>One is replicated continuously while the other is not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is an RNA primer necessary in DNA replication?

    <p>It provides a starting point for DNA polymerase to initiate synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are replication forks?

    <p>Structures formed by the unwinding of DNA during replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process describes the incorporation of nucleotides into a growing DNA strand?

    <p>Replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the AT-rich region in DNA replication initiation?

    <p>It is easier to unwind due to fewer hydrogen bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction does DNA polymerase synthesize new DNA strands?

    <p>5' to 3'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the primary function of DNA polymerase III in bacterial replication?

    <p>It synthesizes new DNA strands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the origin replication complex (ORC) in eukaryotic DNA replication?

    <p>It licenses replication origins ensuring sites are not duplicated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

    <p>Leading strand is synthesized continuously, while lagging strand is synthesized in segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of telomeres in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>To protect chromosome ends from degradation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the activity of DNA polymerase I in bacterial replication?

    <p>It primarily acts to remove RNA primers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the eukaryotic helicase MCM2-7 differ from bacterial helicase?

    <p>It comprises multiple subunits instead of a single unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does FEN-1 play in DNA replication?

    <p>It removes displaced nucleotides during primer replacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell that lacks telomeres?

    <p>It experiences gradual loss of genetic information upon division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transcription

    • RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a DNA template
    • Eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus, while prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm
    • A polycistronic transcript is an mRNA molecule that encodes multiple proteins
    • Consensus sequence: a short sequence of nucleotides that is generally recognized by specific proteins
    • During elongation, RNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction
    • The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions (antiparallel)
    • DNA helicase unwinds the DNA helix during replication

    DNA Replication

    • DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand
    • The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously due to the antiparallel nature of DNA
    • An RNA primer is needed to initiate DNA synthesis because DNA polymerases cannot initiate synthesis de novo
    • Replication forks are Y-shaped structures that form during DNA replication
    • DNA synthesis is the process of adding nucleotides to a growing DNA strand
    • The AT-rich region is involved in the initiation of DNA replication
    • DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands in the 5' to 3' direction
    • DNA polymerase III is the primary enzyme responsible for DNA synthesis in bacterial replication
    • The ORC binds to the origin of replication and recruits other proteins to initiate DNA replication
    • The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously, while the leading strand is synthesized continuously
    • Telomeres are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that prevent degradation of DNA
    • DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA
    • MCM2-7 is a eukaryotic helicase that unwinds DNA during replication, while bacterial helicase is a single polypeptide
    • FEN-1 removes RNA primers and Okazaki fragments during DNA replication
    • Cells lacking telomeres experience progressive shortening of their chromosomes, leading to cellular senescence or apoptosis

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Biol 211 Molecular Biology Test 2 Study Guide PDF

    More Like This

    Untitled Quiz
    6 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    AdoredHealing avatar
    AdoredHealing
    Untitled Quiz
    55 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    StatuesquePrimrose avatar
    StatuesquePrimrose
    Untitled Quiz
    18 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    RighteousIguana avatar
    RighteousIguana
    Untitled Quiz
    50 questions

    Untitled Quiz

    JoyousSulfur avatar
    JoyousSulfur
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser