Podcast
Questions and Answers
During transcription, what role does RNA polymerase play?
During transcription, what role does RNA polymerase play?
- It initiates DNA replication by adding primers to the template strand.
- It unwinds the DNA double helix and synthesizes a complementary mRNA strand. (correct)
- It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.
- It transports amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
Which statement accurately describes the function of ribosomes in translation?
Which statement accurately describes the function of ribosomes in translation?
- Ribosomes synthesize proteins by reading mRNA codons and assembling amino acids. (correct)
- Ribosomes modify and fold proteins.
- Ribosomes replicate DNA during cell division.
- Ribosomes transcribe DNA into mRNA.
A mutation in a gene results in a non-functional protein. Which type of mutation is LEAST likely to cause this outcome?
A mutation in a gene results in a non-functional protein. Which type of mutation is LEAST likely to cause this outcome?
- Missense mutation in the active site of the enzyme.
- Nonsense mutation early in the gene.
- Frameshift mutation near the start codon.
- Silent mutation. (correct)
Which of the following is an epigenetic mechanism that can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence itself?
Which of the following is an epigenetic mechanism that can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence itself?
What is the primary role of tRNA in the process of translation?
What is the primary role of tRNA in the process of translation?
A certain protein is normally produced in liver cells but is absent in brain cells. Which mechanism is MOST likely responsible for this tissue-specific expression?
A certain protein is normally produced in liver cells but is absent in brain cells. Which mechanism is MOST likely responsible for this tissue-specific expression?
Which of the following events occurs during the termination stage of translation?
Which of the following events occurs during the termination stage of translation?
A researcher observes that a particular gene is heavily methylated in cancer cells, leading to reduced expression. Which of the following is a likely consequence of this methylation?
A researcher observes that a particular gene is heavily methylated in cancer cells, leading to reduced expression. Which of the following is a likely consequence of this methylation?
If a cell has a mutation that disables its ability to properly proofread and correct errors during DNA replication, what is the MOST likely consequence?
If a cell has a mutation that disables its ability to properly proofread and correct errors during DNA replication, what is the MOST likely consequence?
Which of the following BEST describes the role of the promoter region in transcription?
Which of the following BEST describes the role of the promoter region in transcription?
A mutation occurs in a gene that codes for a protein involved in DNA repair. What is the MOST likely outcome of this mutation?
A mutation occurs in a gene that codes for a protein involved in DNA repair. What is the MOST likely outcome of this mutation?
How do epigenetic modifications contribute to cellular differentiation in multicellular organisms?
How do epigenetic modifications contribute to cellular differentiation in multicellular organisms?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a frameshift mutation?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a frameshift mutation?
How does the process of transcription differ in prokaryotes compared to eukaryotes?
How does the process of transcription differ in prokaryotes compared to eukaryotes?
A particular mRNA molecule has the sequence 5'-AUG-CAU-GAC-UAA-3'. How many amino acids will be in the resulting polypeptide?
A particular mRNA molecule has the sequence 5'-AUG-CAU-GAC-UAA-3'. How many amino acids will be in the resulting polypeptide?
Which of the following is NOT a typical mechanism of epigenetic regulation?
Which of the following is NOT a typical mechanism of epigenetic regulation?
In what way does alternative splicing increase protein diversity?
In what way does alternative splicing increase protein diversity?
What is the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in translation?
What is the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in translation?
Which of the following is a characteristic of enhancers in eukaryotic gene regulation?
Which of the following is a characteristic of enhancers in eukaryotic gene regulation?
A protein is produced in a misfolded state. Which cellular structure is primarily responsible for degrading this misfolded protein?
A protein is produced in a misfolded state. Which cellular structure is primarily responsible for degrading this misfolded protein?
Flashcards
Transcription
Transcription
The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.
Translation
Translation
The synthesis of a polypeptide (protein) from mRNA.
Mutation
Mutation
A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.
Epigenetics
Epigenetics
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Study Notes
- BioNinja provides resources for IB Biology, covering course information, topics, themes, and review materials.
- The course includes a syllabus outline, command terms, reporting skills, and practical work guidance.
- Key topics covered are Biomolecules, Cells, Metabolism, Genetics, Heredity, Equilibrium, Body Systems, Plant Systems, Biodiversity, Nutrition, Ecology, and Human Impacts.
- Themes explored are Unity and Diversity, Form and Function, Interdependencies, and Continuity/Change.
- Review resources include PowerPoints, topic notes, summaries, and worksheets.
- Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL) content is available.
Genetics
- Resources are available for the study of Genetics.
Transcription
- Information on Transcription is available.
Translation
- Translation information can be found in the resources.
Mutation
- Mutation information can be found in the resources.
Transcription
- Transcription information can be found in the resources for higher level students.
Translation
- Translation information can be found in the resources for higher level students.
Epigenetics
- Epigenetics information can be found in the resources.
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