Questions and Answers
The knee joint is relatively __________ because you have ________ femoral condyles articulating on a flat _______ surface.
unstable, round, tibial
What is the functional classification of the knee joint?
Diarthrosis
Is the knee joint a full on hinge joint or modified? Why?
The knee joint is a modified hinge joint because of the medial rotation of the femur that occurs when the knee is fully extended.
What are the three bones that make up the knee joint?
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What are the two pads that sit on the tibial plateau of the tibia?
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Does the fibula participate in the knee joint?
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The patellofemoral joint is recognized as _________ because it glides on the femur.
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The medial condyle of the femur is _________ than the lateral condyle due to the _________ surface of the medial meniscus.
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The menisci of the knee are both ___________.
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The lateral meniscus takes a more ________ shape and is generally _______ than the medial meniscus.
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Why is the lateral meniscus more mobile than the medial meniscus?
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The medial meniscus has a __________ shape.
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Both menisci are _________ at the periphery.
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The lateral collateral ligament of the knee joint is deemed an ________ ligament.
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The LCL of the knee joint runs from the _________ of the femur to the _______.
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The medial collateral ligament of the knee joint attaches to the ________ femoral epicondyle proximally and the __________ distally.
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The medial collateral ligament also attaches to the ___________ ligament and the medial meniscus.
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Define the coronary ligament.
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Define the cruciate ligaments of the knee.
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The cruciate ligaments are classified as _____________.
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Attaches to the anterior portion of the intercondylar eminence.
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The __________ runs towards the lateral femoral condyle of the medial surface.
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The ACL acts as a _______ for rotation.
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What is the functional purpose of the anterior cruciate ligament? Provide an example.
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What are the four main ligaments of the knee?
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What is the acronym used for the ACL?
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What is the acronym used for the posterior cruciate ligament?
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The __________ attaches to the posterior aspect of the intercondylar eminence.
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The PCL runs in an _________ direction toward the knee joint.
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The PCL attaches to the _____________ femoral condyles _______ surface.
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The PCL prevents _________ dislocation of the tibia on the femur.
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Give an example of where a posterior cruciate ligament tear would occur.
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What is the deepest bursae of the knee?
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Study Notes
Knee Joint Overview
- The knee joint is relatively unstable, comprising two round femoral condyles that articulate on a flat tibial surface.
- Classified as a diarthrosis, indicating it is a freely movable joint.
- The knee is a modified hinge joint, allowing for medial rotation of the femur when the knee is fully extended.
Bones of the Knee Joint
- The knee joint is formed by three bones: femur, patella, and tibia.
- The fibula does not participate in the knee joint structure.
Menisci
- The tibial plateau contains two pads known as the medial and lateral menisci.
- Menisci are fibrocartilaginous structures that provide stability and cushioning within the joint.
- The lateral meniscus is circular and smaller, while the medial meniscus is longer and larger due to its shape.
- The lateral meniscus is more mobile as it is not attached to the joint capsule; the medial meniscus has a semicircular shape and is thicker at the edges.
Ligaments of the Knee
- Main ligaments include medial collateral ligament (MCL), lateral collateral ligament (LCL), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).
- The LCL is considered an accessory ligament, running from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the fibular head.
- The MCL attaches proximally to the medial femoral epicondyle and distally to the medial surface of the tibia, also connecting with the coronary ligament and medial meniscus.
Cruciate Ligaments
- Cruciate ligaments are two ligaments (ACL and PCL) that cross in the middle of the joint capsule.
- The ACL attaches to the anterior portion of the intercondylar eminence and prevents anterior dislocation of the femur.
- An example of ACL stress includes sudden stops and directional changes while running.
- The PCL attaches to the posterior aspect of the intercondylar eminence and prevents posterior dislocation of the tibia relative to the femur.
- PCL injuries can occur from anterior impacts, such as in car accidents when the tibia is pushed back.
Bursa of the Knee
- The deepest bursa in the knee is the infra patellar bursa, which aids in reducing friction and inflammation.
Additional Facts
- The acronym APEX is used for the anterior cruciate ligament, while PAIN refers to the posterior cruciate ligament.
- Both menisci are thicker at their periphery, contributing to the stability of the knee joint.
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Description
Explore the structure and function of the knee joint in this quiz. Learn about the bones involved, the menisci, and the role of ligaments in maintaining knee stability. This quiz will enhance your understanding of this complex joint.
