Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthotics (KAFO)

Which of the following conditions is NOT typically an indication for prescribing a Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis (KAFO)?

A patient presents with genu recurvatum. In which plane of motion does this deformity occur?

What is the primary functional requirement of a KAFO related to weight bearing?

Which of the following is a primary advantage of a conventional KAFO over a thermoplastic KAFO?

A patient with significant obesity and fluctuating edema would likely benefit MOST from which type of KAFO?

Which of these features is a key advantage of thermoplastic KAFOs compared to conventional KAFOs?

For which patient characteristic would a thermoplastic KAFO be least suitable?

What is a key consideration when choosing a carbon composite KAFO over other KAFO types?

Which of the following is a characteristic of a KAFO with a quadrilateral top design?

In the context of KAFO design, what is the primary purpose of a cuff top design?

What is the typical placement for the metal upright of a KAFO, relative to the greater trochanter?

What is a major factor influencing the control and stability at the ankle when using a corset top KAFO?

In which plane should the orthotic knee joint be aligned with the anatomical knee joint?

What is the approximate anterior/posterior positioning of the orthotic knee joint relative to the anatomical knee?

Which of the following is NOT a primary biomechanical function of an orthotic knee joint in a KAFO?

For what condition is a drop lock or ring lock knee joint MOST commonly indicated?

An offset orthotic knee joint is primarily designed to enhance:

What is the primary advantage of a polycentric knee joint in a KAFO?

A stance control knee joint in a KAFO is designed to:

How does a fan lock knee joint function in a KAFO?

What is the primary function of a dial lock in a KAFO knee joint?

A bar lock knee joint typically unlocks by which mechanism?

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of a bale/bail lock joint?

What is the primary purpose of a knee cap component used with a KAFO?

In a KAFO designed to address valgum or varum, what is the function of the knee cap component?

What gait deviation is MOST likely to result from a KAFO with mechanical knee locks?

What is the purpose of utilizing a 3-force system in KAFO alignment?

According to the information provided; what would be the MINIMUM muscle strength, as measured by manual muscle testing (MMT) using the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale, required for a patient to be considered for a stance control KAFO?

Which of the following is a CONTRAINDICATION for prescribing a stance control KAFO?

How does the Freewalk orthosis provide stability during the stance phase of gait?

How does the C-brace control knee flexion and extension?

What is the INITIAL focus of functional training after delivery of a KAFO?

What is the LATER focus of functional training after delivery of a KAFO?

Which of the following is tested when assessing the general workmanship of a KAFO?

Why is it important to ensure satisfactory clearance between the mechanical knee joint and the patient's knee in a KAFO?

What is the significance of assessing whether the sole and heel of the patient’s shoe are flat on the floor when fitting a KAFO?

Which of the following best describes the rationale for evaluating whether the uprights of a KAFO conform to the contours of the leg and thigh?

During a KAFO assessment, what potential problem is indicated by excessive medial or lateral foot contact during gait?

A patient with a stroke experiencing undesirable knee motions could benefit from a KAFO. What is the primary goal of KAFO intervention in this scenario?

An individual presents with both muscle weakness and a combined knee and ankle flexion deformity. How does a KAFO assist in maintaining an upright posture during the stance phase?

Which functional requirement of a KAFO is MOST directly related to preventing hyperextension or excessive flexion of the knee?

For a patient who requires maximum strength and durability from their KAFO, which type would be MOST appropriate?

Consider a patient who works in a hot environment. What disadvantage of a thermoplastic KAFO might MOST significantly impact their comfort and compliance?

A patient requires a KAFO that provides maximum control of transverse plane motion. Which KAFO type is BEST suited for this purpose?

Which characteristic of a carbon composite KAFO is MOST likely to improve a patient's gait speed and overall kinematics, compared to other KAFO designs?

Why might a quadrilateral top design be chosen for a KAFO?

In what plane should the orthotic knee joint be aligned to the anatomical knee joint to ensure proper biomechanics and function?

During the fitting of a KAFO, what is the significance of ensuring satisfactory clearance between the mechanical knee joint and the patient's knee?

A patient with knee extensor paralysis is prescribed a KAFO. Which type of knee joint is MOST appropriate to provide stability during stance?

What is the MOST significant advantage of a polycentric knee joint in a KAFO design?

A patient requires a KAFO that will allow knee flexion during swing phase but prevent knee flexion during weight-bearing. Which of the following knee joint options would be MOST suitable?

In the context of KAFO knee joints, how does a bar lock knee joint typically unlock?

A patient wearing a KAFO exhibits circumduction during gait. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this gait deviation?

A KAFO can be indicated for individuals experiencing unwanted elbow motions.

A primary functional requirement of a KAFO is to completely relieve a patient's body weight.

Conventional KAFOs are known for being lightweight and cosmetically appealing.

Thermoplastic KAFOs are well-suited for individuals with significant obesity due to their robust construction.

Carbon composite KAFOs may offer improvements in gait speed and kinematics.

A quadrilateral top design in a KAFO transmits weight through the ischial tuberosity to the floor.

In a metal upright KAFO design, the upright should be positioned 5-7 cm below the greater trochanter.

In the coronal plane, the orthotic knee joint should align with the mid-patellar level, assuming normal patellar alignment.

The primary function of an orthotic knee joint is to restrict any and all knee movement.

A free knee joint is typically a multi-axis joint designed for significant varus or valgus correction.

Drop lock mechanisms are designed to automatically lock the knee into flexion.

Polycentric knee joints are designed to maintain a fixed axis of rotation throughout the range of motion.

Stance control joints lock the knee during swing phase and allow free motion during stance.

A fan lock allows for presetting a desired knee extension angle only.

A dial lock allows the motion of the knee to be locked in a fixed position.

The bar lock knee joint features a spring-loaded mechanism for automatic locking.

Bale or bail lock joints are generally as strong as bar lock joints.

A knee cap is used to strictly limit hyperextension.

In the presence of valgum or varum, the knee cap may include a horizontal strap.

KAFOs with mechanical knee locks may improve normal knee flexion in the swing phase.

Common gait deviations related to KAFO use include circumduction, hip hiking, and plantarflexion of the contralateral side.

A three-force system to correct alignment in a KAFO typically includes only side bars and knee joints.

For proper KAFO fitting, the sole and heel of the shoe should be flat on the floor.

When a patient stands with weight on the braced leg, there should be minimal clearance between the knee joint and patient's knee.

A Freewalk device is stabilized during the swing phase by a ratchet mechanism.

Excessive body weight is a contraindication for stance control knees.

A C-brace allows the knee to be fully extended when stepping down with the heel.

A quadrilateral top design uses a spring-loaded mechanism.

Energy expenditure is not an issue when considering using total contact.

A single-axis knee will allow only one plane of motion.

Muscle weakness is not an indicator for using a KAFO.

Individuals with uncontrolled or fluctuating edema generally benefit from thermoplastic KAFOs due to their adjustability.

A quadrilateral top always features a spring loaded mechanism.

One advantage of thermoplastic KAFOs is enhanced durability compared to conventional KAFOs.

Offset orthotic knee joints are designed to enhance knee joint stability.

A knee cap ensures maximum flexibility of the knee joint by preventing any restriction of movement.

The term 'pistoning' in orthotics refers to the excessive vertical movement of the orthosis relative to the limb.

KAFOs are indicated for patients with undesirable hip motions.

A functional requirement of a KAFO is to completely relieve body weight.

Conventional KAFOs are lightweight and offer good cosmesis.

Conventional KAFOs are often indicated for individuals needing maximum strength and durability.

Thermoplastic KAFOs are contraindicated if control of transverse plane motion is needed.

Thermoplastic KAFOs are a good choice for individuals with uncontrolled or fluctuating edema due to the intimate fit.

Carbon composite KAFOs are heavier than conventional KAFOs.

A quadrilateral top design in a KAFO is designed to transmit body weight from the tibial tuberosity to the floor.

In a cuff top design, the distal thigh band and calf band are positioned at an equal distance from the ankle joint.

A thermoplastic thigh corset is commonly used with a conventional metal ankle joint in KAFOs.

The orthotic knee joint should be aligned with the mid-patellar level in the frontal plane.

A free knee joint is typically a polycentric joint.

A drop lock mechanism in a KAFO automatically locks during knee extension.

A KAFO incorporating a stance control joint allows knee flexion during the swing phase.

The C-brace controls knee flexion and extension by regulating electrical resistance using a microprocessor.