Klebsiella pneumoniae Biofilm and Resistance

The main advantage is the observed synergistic effect, which enhances the overall efficacy against pathogens.

AMPs can inhibit biofilm formation either on their own or in combination with antibiotics, making them effective against biofilm-associated infections.

IDR-1018 acts as a broad-spectrum antibiofilm peptide, reducing biofilm formation and development in antibiotic-resistant species.

<p>The combination resulted in a 2.4–3.4 fold reduction in biofilm formation, demonstrating a strong synergistic effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The findings indicate that the synergistic effects of combinations are not dependent on species or their MICs, highlighting their broad applicability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AMPs have shown effectiveness against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, making them versatile therapeutic agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both fosfomycin and meropenem reduced biofilm development and were effective in preventing biofilm formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AMPs represent a novel approach in treating antibiotic-resistant infections due to their unique mechanisms of action and ability to disrupt biofilms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DJK-5 and DJK-6 were reported to have antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against carbapenemase-producing K.pneumoniae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The combination significantly reduced biofilm production and was effective against multidrug-resistant pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The application led to the disruption of two-day-old biofilms, resulting in dispersal into monolayer cells or single cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They caused about a 40% decrease in biofilm formation of K.pneumoniae clinical isolates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>BMAP-27 treatment led to a reduction of biofilm height by 36% ± 6% and a total biomass reduction of 75% ± 0.2%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fosfomycin combined with polymyxin B showed higher biofilm disruption compared to either drug alone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peptide DJK-6 enhanced the capacity of meropenem by 16-fold in eradicating preformed biofilms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confocal microscopy analysis was a common method used to evaluate treatment effects on biofilm architecture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tolerant persister cells contribute to antibiotic treatment failure by surviving despite the presence of antibiotics, leading to bacterial regrowth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biofilms protect bacteria from antimicrobial agents and the host immune response, making infections harder to treat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phage-derived depolymerases specifically target bacterial capsules, disrupting biofilm formation and enhancing susceptibility to treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactobacilli produce cell-free supernatants that inhibit the growth of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They regulate virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, and stress responses, crucial for the bacterium's adaptability and survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may enhance the efficacy of treatment by attacking bacteria through multiple mechanisms, preventing resistance development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bac7 (1-35) resulted in an 8-fold and 4-fold increase in the biofilm-eradicating ability of ciprofloxacin in K.pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and a clinical isolate, respectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study isolated and characterized phages that specifically target pathogenic strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antimicrobial peptides have the potential to serve as alternative therapeutic agents by disrupting bacterial membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bac7 (1-35) achieved a 99% reduction of biofilm biomass in a mouse model.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The combination reduced the minimum biofilm eradication concentration by 16- to 64-fold and 8- to 16-fold, respectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The human cathelicidin-derived peptide D-11 showed synergy with 13 antibiotics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>LL-37 is one host defense peptide that exhibited antimicrobial activity toward K.pneumoniae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The biofilm structure was denser than the control, despite a reduction in biofilm height.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eradicating preformed biofilms of hypermucoviscous strains is crucial for treating persistent infections caused by K.pneumoniae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Further in vivo research is necessary to facilitate the clinical use of drug combinations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary focus is the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Klebsiella pneumoniae is classified as a Gram-negative bacterium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibiofilm therapeutic strategies are approaches designed to prevent or disrupt biofilm formation to enhance antibiotic efficacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biofilm formation protects bacteria from the effects of antibiotics, making it harder to treat infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly associated with respiratory and urinary tract infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The corresponding authors are Lifeng Li, Zhaobao Wang, and others listed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The review was published on February 23, 2024.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The authors have backgrounds in epidemiology, medical sciences, and microbiology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biofilm enhances the survival of Klebsiella pneumoniae by providing resistance to antibiotics and the host immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The review provides updates on antibiofilm therapeutic strategies to combat antibiotic resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactobacillus supernatants exhibit biofilm-inhibitory properties and destroy biofilm structure through their acidic pH and high hydrogen peroxide concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phenyllactic acid (PLA) is specifically mentioned as an inhibitor of K. pneumoniae growth and biofilm formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phage therapy is advantageous due to its high specificity, tolerance, and narrow range of action, making it a promising alternative with minimal side effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The biofilm-killing effect of Lactobacillus supernatants was superior to their biofilm-eradicating capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Further research should focus on conducting in vivo and clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus against biofilm-related infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SEM analysis revealed that treatment with Lactobacillus supernatant resulted in the destruction of the biofilm structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Factors include phage therapy’s unique resistance mechanisms, lower side effects, and its enhanced ability to penetrate and destroy biofilms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactobacillus was shown to significantly increase the survival rate and reduce histopathological damage in infected mice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a type of bacteria that belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family. It's a Gram-negative bacterium, meaning it doesn't retain the violet stain used in a gram staining procedure.

Biofilms are communities of bacteria that attach to surfaces and are encased in a slimy, protective layer called an extracellular matrix. This matrix protects the bacteria from the environment and allows them to survive better.

Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria develop the ability to survive and even thrive in the presence of antibiotics that were previously effective against them.

When bacteria, in this case, Klebsiella pneumoniae, form biofilms they tend to become more resistant to antibiotics. This means that antibiotics may not be as effective in killing the bacteria when they are living in a biofilm.

Antibiofilm therapeutic strategies are treatments that aim to specifically target and disrupt biofilms, making it easier for antibiotics to kill bacteria in these communities.

One of the most common antibiofilm therapeutic strategies is to use agents that target the extracellular matrix of biofilms. This can weaken the biofilm and allow antibiotics to be more effective.

Another antibiofilm strategy involves using agents that target the bacterial communication systems within biofilms. This can disrupt the coordination of bacteria in the biofilm and make them more susceptible to antibiotics.

Treating infections caused by bacteria, especially antibiotic-resistant ones, poses a significant challenge in healthcare. Research into antibiofilm therapeutic strategies is crucial for developing new and effective treatments that can combat biofilm-mediated infections.

One of the ways to control biofilm-mediated infections is to prevent the formation of biofilms in the first place. This can be achieved through good hygiene practices, proper disinfection, and use of antimicrobial coatings.

Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, and wound infections. Biofilm formation by this bacteria can further complicate these infections, making them harder to treat.

A type of bacterial community encased in a protective matrix, often resistant to antibiotics.

A specific type of bacteria that forms biofilms, known for causing infections in the lungs and other organs.

A strategy to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics against biofilms. Combining traditional antimicrobials with antibiotics that have different mechanisms of action.

An antibiotic that specifically targets and inhibits the formation of bacterial biofilms.

The concentration of a substance needed to completely eradicate a biofilm.

A peptide derived from human cathelicidin, exhibiting strong antimicrobial activity against various bacterial infections, including those related to K.pneumoniae.

A type of K.pneumoniae strain that produces an excessive amount of capsule polysaccharides, contributing to increased biofilm formation and resistance to antibiotics.

A polyproline peptide with potent biofilm-eradicating activity against K.pneumoniae, particularly hypermucoviscous strains.

A type of small protein found in various organisms, primarily composed of 10-50 amino acids.

AMPs have the ability to combat a diverse array of harmful microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

AMPs can effectively disrupt the formation or growth of microbial biofilms, which are communities of bacteria, viruses, or fungi that can be particularly resistant to antibiotics.

The synergistic effect occurs when two or more drugs used together produce a greater effect than the sum of their individual effects.

A type of antimicrobial peptide known as IDR-1018 inhibits the synthesis of a molecule called (p)ppGpp, which is crucial for the formation and maintenance of biofilms in many bacterial species, including Klebsiella pneumoniae.

A specific bacterium known as K. pneumoniae is a potential threat due to its ability to form resilient biofilms, which contribute to its antibiotic resistance.

A chemical modification of a drug that reduces its effectiveness against microbes.

The process of using two or more antimicrobial agents together to enhance their effectiveness against bacterial biofilms. This approach aims to overcome limitations of single-agent therapy by combining the strengths of different compounds.

A type of antimicrobial agent that can disrupt the formation or structure of biofilms. Antibiofilm components can work by degrading the extracellular matrix, altering the biofilm's architecture, or by targeting specific bacterial processes involved in biofilm formation.

A class of antimicrobial peptides, naturally occurring in various organisms, with the potential to disrupt biofilm formation. These peptides are known to target bacterial membranes, interfering with biofilm integrity.

A type of drug that can inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall, often used in combination therapy for biofilm infections. It can target specific steps in the cell wall synthesis process.

Synthesized cationic peptides that exhibit antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. These peptides can disrupt existing biofilms and enhance the effectiveness of other antibiotics.

A group of antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections. Some linezolids have demonstrated potential in combination therapy for fighting biofilms, particularly when used with polymyxin B.

A type of antimicrobial agent that works by interfering with the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, making it a potential candidate for combination therapy against biofilm infections.

A type of bacteria that produces extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), enzymes that can inactivate many antibiotics.

Beneficial bacteria that reside in our gut and can contribute to our health.

A specific type of probiotic bacteria commonly used in dietary supplements and fermented foods.

The ability of probiotics to suppress or kill the growth of harmful bacteria.

A substance produced by certain bacteria, like Lactobacillus, having a strong inhibitory effect on the formation of biofilms.

Viruses that infect and kill bacteria, offering an alternative treatment for infections.

Using bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections, a promising alternative to antibiotics.

Klebsiella pneumoniae cells can form biofilms, which make it harder for antibiotics to reach and kill them.

These are small proteins that can be found in nature and have antibacterial properties.

Bacteriophages are viruses that can infect and kill bacteria.

Using bacteriophages, which are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, as a treatment for bacterial infections.