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Questions and Answers
What is the linker command that specifies that the target program is for the Win32 console?
What is the linker command that specifies that the target program is for the Win32 console?
/SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE
A function ending with the letter W (such as WriteConsoleW) is designed to work with a wide (16-bit) character set such as Unicode.
A function ending with the letter W (such as WriteConsoleW) is designed to work with a wide (16-bit) character set such as Unicode.
True (A)
Unicode is the native character set for Windows 98.
Unicode is the native character set for Windows 98.
False (B)
The ReadConsole function reads mouse information from the input buffer.
The ReadConsole function reads mouse information from the input buffer.
Win32 console input functions can detect when the user has resized the console window.
Win32 console input functions can detect when the user has resized the console window.
Describe a POINT structure.
Describe a POINT structure.
How is the WNDCLASS structure used?
How is the WNDCLASS structure used?
In a WNDCLASS structure, what is the meaning of the lpfnWndProc field?
In a WNDCLASS structure, what is the meaning of the lpfnWndProc field?
In a WNDCLASS structure, what is the meaning of the style field?
In a WNDCLASS structure, what is the meaning of the style field?
In a WNDCLASS structure, what is the meaning of the hInstance field?
In a WNDCLASS structure, what is the meaning of the hInstance field?
What is another term for heap allocation, in the context of C, C++, and Java?
What is another term for heap allocation, in the context of C, C++, and Java?
Describe the GetProcessHeap function.
Describe the GetProcessHeap function.
Describe the HeapAlloc function.
Describe the HeapAlloc function.
Show a sample call to the HeapCreate function.
Show a sample call to the HeapCreate function.
When calling HeapDestroy, how do you identify the memory block being destroyed?
When calling HeapDestroy, how do you identify the memory block being destroyed?
Define the term Multitasking.
Define the term Multitasking.
Define the term Segmentation.
Define the term Segmentation.
A segment selector points to an entry in a segment descriptor table.
A segment selector points to an entry in a segment descriptor table.
A segment descriptor contains the base location of a segment.
A segment descriptor contains the base location of a segment.
A segment selector is 32 bits.
A segment selector is 32 bits.
A segment descriptor does not contain segment size information.
A segment descriptor does not contain segment size information.
Name the MASM data type that matches each of the following standard MS-Windows types:
Name the MASM data type that matches each of the following standard MS-Windows types:
Which Win32 function returns a handle to standard input?
Which Win32 function returns a handle to standard input?
Which Win32 function reads a string of text from the keyboard and places the string in a buffer?
Which Win32 function reads a string of text from the keyboard and places the string in a buffer?
Describe the COORD structure.
Describe the COORD structure.
Which Win32 function moves the file pointer to a specified offset relative to the beginning of a file?
Which Win32 function moves the file pointer to a specified offset relative to the beginning of a file?
Which Win32 function changes the title of the console window?
Which Win32 function changes the title of the console window?
Which Win32 function lets you change the dimensions of the screen buffer?
Which Win32 function lets you change the dimensions of the screen buffer?
Which Win32 function lets you change the size of the cursor?
Which Win32 function lets you change the size of the cursor?
Which Win32 function lets you change the color of subsequent text output?
Which Win32 function lets you change the color of subsequent text output?
Which Win32 function lets you copy an array of attribute values to consecutive cells of the console screen buffer?
Which Win32 function lets you copy an array of attribute values to consecutive cells of the console screen buffer?
Which Win32 function lets you pause a program for a specified number of milliseconds?
Which Win32 function lets you pause a program for a specified number of milliseconds?
When CreateWindowEx is called, how is the window's appearance information transmitted to the function?
When CreateWindowEx is called, how is the window's appearance information transmitted to the function?
Name two button constants that can be used when calling the MessageBox function.
Name two button constants that can be used when calling the MessageBox function.
Name two icon constants that can be used when calling the MessageBox function.
Name two icon constants that can be used when calling the MessageBox function.
Name at least three tasks performed by the WinMain (startup) procedure.
Name at least three tasks performed by the WinMain (startup) procedure.
Describe the role of the WinProc procedure in the example program.
Describe the role of the WinProc procedure in the example program.
Which messages are processed by the WinProc procedure in the example program?
Which messages are processed by the WinProc procedure in the example program?
Describe the role of the ErrorHandler procedure in the example program.
Describe the role of the ErrorHandler procedure in the example program.
Does the message box activated immediately after calling CreateWindow appear before or after the application's main window?
Does the message box activated immediately after calling CreateWindow appear before or after the application's main window?
Does the message box activated by WM_CLOSE appear before or after the main window closes?
Does the message box activated by WM_CLOSE appear before or after the main window closes?
Describe a linear address.
Describe a linear address.
How does paging relate to linear memory?
How does paging relate to linear memory?
If paging is disabled, how does the processor translate a linear address to a physical address?
If paging is disabled, how does the processor translate a linear address to a physical address?
What advantage does paging offer?
What advantage does paging offer?
Which register contains the base location of a local descriptor table?
Which register contains the base location of a local descriptor table?
Which register contains the base location of a global descriptor table?
Which register contains the base location of a global descriptor table?
How many global descriptor tables can exist?
How many global descriptor tables can exist?
How many local descriptor tables can exist?
How many local descriptor tables can exist?
Name at least four fields in a segment descriptor.
Name at least four fields in a segment descriptor.
Which structures are involved in the paging process?
Which structures are involved in the paging process?
Which structure contains the base address of a page table?
Which structure contains the base address of a page table?
Which structure contains the base address of a page frame?
Which structure contains the base address of a page frame?
Show an example call to the ReadConsole function.
Show an example call to the ReadConsole function.
Show an example call to the WriteConsole function.
Show an example call to the WriteConsole function.
Show an example call to the CreateFile function that will open an existing file for reading.
Show an example call to the CreateFile function that will open an existing file for reading.
Show an example call to the CreateFile function that will create a new file with normal attributes, erasing any existing file by the same name.
Show an example call to the CreateFile function that will create a new file with normal attributes, erasing any existing file by the same name.
Show an example call to the ReadFile function.
Show an example call to the ReadFile function.
Show an example call to the WriteFile function.
Show an example call to the WriteFile function.
Show an example of calling the MessageBox function.
Show an example of calling the MessageBox function.
Study Notes
Linker Commands and Unicode
- Use
/SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLEto specify a target program for the Win32 console. - Functions ending with 'W' are designed for wide character sets (e.g., Unicode).
- Windows 98 does not use Unicode as its native character set.
Console Functions
ReadConsoledoes not read mouse information from the input buffer.- Win32 console can detect console window resizing.
Structures in Windows Programming
- A POINT structure defines screen coordinates (ptX, ptY) in pixels.
- WNDCLASS structure defines a window class necessary for each window and must be registered with the OS.
lpfnWndProcin WNDCLASS points to a function to process user-triggered event messages.- The style field in WNDCLASS regulates window appearance and behavior.
Memory Management
- Dynamic memory allocation refers to heap allocation in C, C++, and Java.
GetProcessHeapreturns a handle to the program's existing heap area.HeapAllocallocates memory from a heap andHeapDestroyrequires a pointer to the memory block being destroyed.
Segmentation
- Multitasking allows multiple programs to run concurrently, while segmentation isolates memory segments to prevent interference.
- Segment selector is a 16-bit value in segment registers, while a logical address combines it with a 32-bit offset.
Descriptor Tables
- Segment selector and descriptor tables contain localization and size information for memory segments.
- One global descriptor table (GDTR) can exist, while multiple local descriptor tables (LDTR) can be present.
Paging Mechanism
- Paging allows a computer to run programs that wouldn't fit in memory all at once by using a combination of disk and RAM.
- Linear addresses translate into physical addresses via page directories and tables when paging is enabled.
Win32 Functions Overview
GetStdHandlereturns a handle to standard input.ReadConsolereads input from the keyboard into a buffer.SetConsoleTitlechanges the console window title;SetConsoleScreenBufferSizeadjusts buffer dimensions;SetConsoleCursorInfoalters cursor size.SetConsoleTextAttributemodifies the color of text output, andWriteConsoleOutputAttributecopies attribute values to the console buffer.Sleeppauses program execution for specified milliseconds.
Window Management
CreateWindowExis used to create windows, wherewinStylesets the appearance characteristics.- Different button constants (e.g.,
MB_OK,MB_YESNO) and icon constants (e.g.,MB_ICONHAND,MB_ICONQUESTION) are used in message boxes. - The
WinMainprocedure handles key startup tasks such as window class registration and message dispatching.
Event Message Processing
WinProcprocesses all event messages related to the window and performs application-specific tasks.- Key messages processed include
WM_LBUTTONDOWN,WM_CREATE, andWM_CLOSE.
Error Handling
- An optional
ErrorHandlerprocedure handles system error reported during window registration or creation.
Addressing Memory
- A linear address is a 32-bit integer representing a memory location, translating to a physical address when paging is disabled.
- Paging breaks down linear addresses into fields for directory entries and offsets.
File Operations
CreateFilefunction examples show how to open and create files, with specific parameters for access modes and attributes.- Functions like
ReadFileandWriteFileare used to manage file operations, transferring data into buffers.
Utilizing Message Boxes
- Message boxes can reveal information or confirm actions, with example calls demonstrating their use in applications.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 11 from Kip Irvine's programming book with these study questions and answers. Each flashcard helps reinforce key concepts related to Win32 console and Unicode character sets. Challenge yourself to understand essential terminologies and commands.
