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Questions and Answers
Members of the Kingdom Plantae are plants, which have the ability to synthesize carbohydrates by ______;
Members of the Kingdom Plantae are plants, which have the ability to synthesize carbohydrates by ______;
photosynthesis
Algae and Bryophytes are ______ while Pteridophytes are diploid;
Algae and Bryophytes are ______ while Pteridophytes are diploid;
haploid
In the life cycles of Algae and Bryophytes, the dominant phase is the ______ phase;
In the life cycles of Algae and Bryophytes, the dominant phase is the ______ phase;
gametophytic
Bryophytes are commonly found in ______ or damp wet areas;
Bryophytes are commonly found in ______ or damp wet areas;
Pteridophytes have developed ______ absorbing cells, such as rhizomes and rhizoids or true roots;
Pteridophytes have developed ______ absorbing cells, such as rhizomes and rhizoids or true roots;
The bryophytes are believed to have arisen from ______ and have been described as the origin of land flora.
The bryophytes are believed to have arisen from ______ and have been described as the origin of land flora.
The roots and vascular system of Pteridophytes consist of ______ and phloem.
The roots and vascular system of Pteridophytes consist of ______ and phloem.
All Pteridophytes are multicellular with their bodies differentiated into true ______, stems, and leaves.
All Pteridophytes are multicellular with their bodies differentiated into true ______, stems, and leaves.
Blue-green algae are characterized by the presence of the blue pigment ______, which gives them their color.
Blue-green algae are characterized by the presence of the blue pigment ______, which gives them their color.
Higher bryophytes like moss plants have their body differentiated into rhizoids, ______, and leaves.
Higher bryophytes like moss plants have their body differentiated into rhizoids, ______, and leaves.
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Study Notes
Kingdom Plantae
- Comprised of plants that synthesize carbohydrates by photosynthesis, have cellulose cell walls, show alternation of generation in their life cycle, are eukaryotic (except blue-green algae), lack mobility, and store carbohydrate as starch (except diatoms).
Characteristics of Plantae
- Ability to synthesize carbohydrates by photosynthesis
- Cellulose cell walls
- Alternation of generation in their life cycle
- Eukaryotic (except blue-green algae)
- Lack mobility (except Chlamydomonas)
- Store carbohydrate as starch (except diatoms that store as fat and volutine)
Seedless Plants (Cryptogams)
- Do not produce flowers or seeds
- Divided into three main groups: Thalophyta (algae), Bryophyta (bryophytes), and Pteridophyta (pteridophytes)
Thalophyta (Algae)
- Simplest of cryptogams
- Aquatic
- Lack special attachment organs
- Examples: Chlamydomonas, diatoms
- May be unicellular (e.g., Chlamydomonas), colonial (e.g., Volvox), or multicellular and filamentous (e.g., Spyrogyra)
Bryophyta (Bryophytes)
- Found in swampy or damp wet areas
- Often attached to substratum by means of rhizoids (may be unicellular or multicellular)
- Examples: Riccia, Marchantia
- Body is multicellular and thalloid (especially lower bryophytes)
- Higher bryophytes have body differentiated into rhizoids, stems, and leaves (e.g., moss plants)
Pteridophyta (Pteridophytes)
- Most advanced among cryptogams
- Developed water-absorbing cells, such as rhizomes and rhizoids or true roots
- Have stems, leaves, and vascular system
- Examples: Ferns (e.g., Dropterus), Selaginella, Lycopodium
- Body is multicellular and differentiated into true roots, stems, and leaves
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