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Questions and Answers
According to the kinetic molecular theory, what happens to the average kinetic energy of gas particles if the temperature of the gas is doubled?
According to the kinetic molecular theory, what happens to the average kinetic energy of gas particles if the temperature of the gas is doubled?
- It is halved.
- It is doubled. (correct)
- It is quadrupled.
- It remains the same.
A rigid container holds a gas at a constant temperature. If the number of gas molecules in the container is doubled, what happens to the pressure inside the container?
A rigid container holds a gas at a constant temperature. If the number of gas molecules in the container is doubled, what happens to the pressure inside the container?
- The pressure is quadrupled.
- The pressure is halved.
- The pressure remains the same.
- The pressure is doubled. (correct)
A balloon contains 10L of air at 27°C. If the temperature is increased to 227°C, what will be the new volume of the balloon, assuming the pressure remains constant?
A balloon contains 10L of air at 27°C. If the temperature is increased to 227°C, what will be the new volume of the balloon, assuming the pressure remains constant?
- 5L
- 16.7L (correct)
- 100L
- 74.1L
Which of the following biomolecules is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?
Which of the following biomolecules is primarily responsible for storing genetic information?
In the balanced chemical reaction $2H_2 + O_2
ightarrow 2H_2O$, how many grams of oxygen ($O_2$) are required to react completely with 4 grams of hydrogen ($H_2$)? (Molar mass: $H_2$ = 2g/mol, $O_2$ = 32g/mol)
In the balanced chemical reaction $2H_2 + O_2 ightarrow 2H_2O$, how many grams of oxygen ($O_2$) are required to react completely with 4 grams of hydrogen ($H_2$)? (Molar mass: $H_2$ = 2g/mol, $O_2$ = 32g/mol)
Which type of chemical reaction is represented by the following equation: $AB + CD
ightarrow AD + CB$?
Which type of chemical reaction is represented by the following equation: $AB + CD ightarrow AD + CB$?
Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?
Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?
In the combustion of methane ($CH_4$), which of the following is always a product?
In the combustion of methane ($CH_4$), which of the following is always a product?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature, as described by Boyle's Law?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature, as described by Boyle's Law?
Which of the following is an example of a synthesis chemical reaction?
Which of the following is an example of a synthesis chemical reaction?
Flashcards
Molecular Kinetic Theory
Molecular Kinetic Theory
Matter is composed of particles in constant, random motion. Temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of these particles.
Boyle's Law
Boyle's Law
Pressure and volume are inversely proportional when temperature and amount are constant: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂.
Charles' Law
Charles' Law
Volume of a gas is directly proportional to absolute temperature when pressure and amount are constant: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂.
Law of Conservation of Mass
Law of Conservation of Mass
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Synthesis Reaction
Synthesis Reaction
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Decomposition Reaction
Decomposition Reaction
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Single Displacement Reaction
Single Displacement Reaction
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Double Displacement Reaction
Double Displacement Reaction
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Combustion Reaction
Combustion Reaction
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Study Notes
- Molecular Kinetic Theory explains the behavior of particles in matter.
- Particles are in constant, random motion.
- Temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of particles.
- Gas particles move in straight lines until they collide with other particles or the walls of a container.
- No energy is lost during collisions (elastic collisions).
Gas Laws
- Boyle's Law: Pressure and volume are inversely proportional.
- P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
- As pressure increases, volume decreases, and vice versa.
- Charles' Law: Volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature.
- V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
- As temperature increases, volume increases.
Biomolecules
- The four main classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Balancing Chemical Reactions
- Law of Conservation of Mass dictates that matter cannot be created or destroyed.
- Balance one element at a time.
- Use coefficients, not subscripts.
- Double-check hydrogen and oxygen.
- Reactions must have an equal number of atoms on both sides of the equation.
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Synthesis (Combination): Two or more reactants combine to form a single product.
- Decomposition: A single reactant breaks down into two or more products.
- Single Displacement: One element replaces another in a compound.
- Double Displacement: Ions are exchanged between two compounds.
- Combustion: A rapid reaction between a substance with an oxidant, usually oxygen, to produce heat and light.
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