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Questions and Answers
A rugby ball is kicked upwards. Neglecting air resistance, what happens to the total energy of the ball during its flight?
A rugby ball is kicked upwards. Neglecting air resistance, what happens to the total energy of the ball during its flight?
- It increases continuously.
- It initially increases, then decreases.
- It decreases continuously.
- It remains constant. (correct)
A spring with a spring constant $k$ is extended by a distance $x$. If the extension is doubled to $2x$, how does the force required change?
A spring with a spring constant $k$ is extended by a distance $x$. If the extension is doubled to $2x$, how does the force required change?
- The force is doubled. (correct)
- The force is quadrupled.
- The force remains the same.
- The force is halved.
During the flight of a rugby ball kicked upwards, at what point is the gravitational potential energy at its maximum, assuming no energy is lost to air resistance?
During the flight of a rugby ball kicked upwards, at what point is the gravitational potential energy at its maximum, assuming no energy is lost to air resistance?
- Halfway through its ascent.
- At the highest point of its trajectory. (correct)
- Just before the ball lands.
- Just before the ball is kicked.
A rugby player runs with a ball. Which of the following is true regarding the interplay between kinetic and gravitational potential energy if the player runs on a level field?
A rugby player runs with a ball. Which of the following is true regarding the interplay between kinetic and gravitational potential energy if the player runs on a level field?
Two springs have spring constants $k_1$ and $k_2$, where $k_1 > k_2$. If the same force is applied to both springs, which spring will extend more?
Two springs have spring constants $k_1$ and $k_2$, where $k_1 > k_2$. If the same force is applied to both springs, which spring will extend more?
A rugby ball is dropped from a height. As it falls, what energy transformation primarily occurs (ignoring air resistance)?
A rugby ball is dropped from a height. As it falls, what energy transformation primarily occurs (ignoring air resistance)?
A spring is compressed. What form of energy is stored in the spring?
A spring is compressed. What form of energy is stored in the spring?
If air resistance is considered, how does the total energy of a rugby ball change during its flight after being kicked upwards?
If air resistance is considered, how does the total energy of a rugby ball change during its flight after being kicked upwards?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the stiffness of a spring and its spring constant?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the stiffness of a spring and its spring constant?
A rugby ball is passed from one player to another. If the kinetic energy of the ball is $2 J$ and the mass is $0.44 kg$, what is the mean velocity of the ball?
A rugby ball is passed from one player to another. If the kinetic energy of the ball is $2 J$ and the mass is $0.44 kg$, what is the mean velocity of the ball?
Flashcards
Total Energy
Total Energy
The sum of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy in a system, remaining constant without air resistance or friction.
Spring Force (F)
Spring Force (F)
The spring constant (k) multiplied by the extension or compression (x) of the spring.
Gravitational Potential Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy stored in an object due to its height above the ground.
Storing Energy in Springs
Storing Energy in Springs
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Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy
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Study Notes
Total Energy
- When objects move, gravitational potential energy & kinetic energy interplay.
- Total energy remains constant, assuming no energy loss from air resistance or friction.
- Total energy is the sum of gravitational potential energy (PE) and kinetic energy (KE).
- Total energy = gravitational potential energy + kinetic energy
- Total energy = PE + KE
- When a ball is kicked upwards, it has zero kinetic energy but maximum gravitational potential energy at its highest point.
- As the ball descends, it gains kinetic energy, reaching highest velocity just after the foot exerts force, moving the ball and doing work.
- Total energy of the ball is the sum of kinetic and gravitational potential energy throughout its flight.
- Questions involving interactions of gravitational potential and kinetic energy frequently appear in exams.
- These questions often involve scenarios like fairground rides, skiers, or bicycles going down slopes.
- Practice exchanging the two energy types and performing calculations improves exam readiness.
Storing Energy in Springs
- When forces act on springs they can extend or compress.
- Spring extension (or compression) depends on spring stiffness, spring constant (k), and the applied force.
- Force (F, in N), spring constant (k, in N/m), and extension/compression (x, in m) are related by: F = kx
- Force = spring constant × extension
- Stiff springs need more force to extend/compress and have high spring constants.
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