Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which field of study is best described as investigating mechanical principles in relation to the human body both at rest and in motion?
Which field of study is best described as investigating mechanical principles in relation to the human body both at rest and in motion?
- Biomechanics (correct)
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Kinesiology
What is the primary focus of qualitative analysis in biomechanics?
What is the primary focus of qualitative analysis in biomechanics?
- Describing the movement pattern of a gymnast. (correct)
- Measuring the speed of a runner in meters per second.
- Calculating the force exerted during a jump.
- Counting the number of repetitions in a weightlifting set.
Which of the following best describes the focus of kinetics within the field of biomechanics?
Which of the following best describes the focus of kinetics within the field of biomechanics?
- Describing the motion of a body without considering the forces causing the motion.
- Studying bodies remaining at rest or in equilibrium.
- Classifying motion as either quantitative or qualitative.
- Analyzing the motion of bodies under the effect of unbalanced forces. (correct)
A cyclist maintains a constant speed in a straight line on a flat road. Which type of biomechanics best describes analyzing the forces at play?
A cyclist maintains a constant speed in a straight line on a flat road. Which type of biomechanics best describes analyzing the forces at play?
What distinguishes translational (linear) motion from other forms of motion?
What distinguishes translational (linear) motion from other forms of motion?
Which of the following is an example of curvilinear motion?
Which of the following is an example of curvilinear motion?
In rotatory motion, what remains constant for each point on a segment?
In rotatory motion, what remains constant for each point on a segment?
A gymnast performing a cartwheel on a beam demonstrates which type of motion?
A gymnast performing a cartwheel on a beam demonstrates which type of motion?
Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
Movements in the sagittal plane occur around which axis?
Movements in the sagittal plane occur around which axis?
What is the plane in which abduction and adduction movements primarily occur?
What is the plane in which abduction and adduction movements primarily occur?
Movements in the frontal plane, such as abduction and adduction, occur around which axis?
Movements in the frontal plane, such as abduction and adduction, occur around which axis?
Internal and external rotation of the shoulder take place in which plane?
Internal and external rotation of the shoulder take place in which plane?
Which axis is perpendicular to the transverse plane?
Which axis is perpendicular to the transverse plane?
An imaginary line around which the body rotates is known as:
An imaginary line around which the body rotates is known as:
When a dancer performs a pirouette, turning on one foot, in what plane of motion is the majority of their movement?
When a dancer performs a pirouette, turning on one foot, in what plane of motion is the majority of their movement?
If a weightlifter is performing bicep curls, which plane of motion is primarily involved?
If a weightlifter is performing bicep curls, which plane of motion is primarily involved?
During a jumping jack exercise, what plane of motion are the arms and legs moving in?
During a jumping jack exercise, what plane of motion are the arms and legs moving in?
A figure skater performs a spin. What is the relationship between their longitudinal axis and the transverse plane?
A figure skater performs a spin. What is the relationship between their longitudinal axis and the transverse plane?
In anatomical terms, where do the three cardinal planes intersect?
In anatomical terms, where do the three cardinal planes intersect?
Which of the following movements occurs in the sagittal plane?
Which of the following movements occurs in the sagittal plane?
Which motion occurs in the frontal plane around the sagittal axis?
Which motion occurs in the frontal plane around the sagittal axis?
Which movement is predominately in the transverse plane around a vertical axis?
Which movement is predominately in the transverse plane around a vertical axis?
Which of the following movement pairs occurs in the frontal plane?
Which of the following movement pairs occurs in the frontal plane?
Which of the following movement pairs occurs in the transverse plane?
Which of the following movement pairs occurs in the transverse plane?
A patient performing a side lunge is primarily working in which plane?
A patient performing a side lunge is primarily working in which plane?
Why is understanding anatomical planes and axes important in kinesiology?
Why is understanding anatomical planes and axes important in kinesiology?
In the context of kinesiology, what does the term 'kinesis' refer to?
In the context of kinesiology, what does the term 'kinesis' refer to?
Which of the following is NOT a basic type of motion?
Which of the following is NOT a basic type of motion?
What is true linear motion characterized by?
What is true linear motion characterized by?
What are the two types of translational motion?
What are the two types of translational motion?
What is the relationship between structure, function, forces, and movement in kinesiology?
What is the relationship between structure, function, forces, and movement in kinesiology?
Which of the following describes statics?
Which of the following describes statics?
What is the goal of quantitative analysis in biomechanics?
What is the goal of quantitative analysis in biomechanics?
Which of the following movements can be seen from a side view?
Which of the following movements can be seen from a side view?
If a kinesiologist is assessing an athlete's gait pattern by visually observing their stride length, joint angles, and overall coordination, which type of analysis is being used?
If a kinesiologist is assessing an athlete's gait pattern by visually observing their stride length, joint angles, and overall coordination, which type of analysis is being used?
Flashcards
Kinesiology
Kinesiology
The scientific study of human motion.
Biomechanics
Biomechanics
The study of mechanical principles affecting the human body at rest or in motion.
Kinematics
Kinematics
Branch of biomechanics that is concerned with descriptive analysis of motion, without regard to forces or torques.
Kinetics
Kinetics
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Qualitative Analysis
Qualitative Analysis
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Quantitative Analysis
Quantitative Analysis
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Statics
Statics
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Dynamics
Dynamics
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Translatory or Linear Motion
Translatory or Linear Motion
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Rectilinear Motion
Rectilinear Motion
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Curvilinear Motion
Curvilinear Motion
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Rotatory Motion (Angular Displacement)
Rotatory Motion (Angular Displacement)
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General Motion
General Motion
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Plane of Movement
Plane of Movement
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Axis
Axis
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Sagittal (Median) Plane
Sagittal (Median) Plane
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Frontal (Coronal) Plane
Frontal (Coronal) Plane
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Transverse (Horizontal) Plane
Transverse (Horizontal) Plane
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Frontal (Medio-lateral) Axis
Frontal (Medio-lateral) Axis
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Sagittal (Anterior-Posterior) Axis
Sagittal (Anterior-Posterior) Axis
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Longitudinal (Vertical) Axis
Longitudinal (Vertical) Axis
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Study Notes
- Kinesiology is the study of human motion, where "kinesis" means to move and "ology" means science
- Kinesiology is composed of anatomy, physiology, and biomechanics
- An abnormal structure produces abnormal movement as well as abnormal forces on a structure
Biomechanics
- The study of mechanical principles affecting the human body at rest or in motion
- Biomechanics is divided into Kinematics and Kinetics
Kinematics
- Descriptive analysis of the motion of a body without consideration of forces or torques causing the motion
- Kinematics is classified as Qualitative and Quantitative analysis
Kinetics
- Describes the effect of forces on a body
- These forces may affect the body in both static and dynamic situations
- Kinetics is divided into Statics and Dynamics
Qualitative Analysis
- Deals with naming and evaluating the movement component
- Concerned with the movement quality, such as descriptions
Quantitative Analysis
- Concerned with counting and measuring the movement component
- Concerned with measurable variables of movements
Statics
- Studies bodies remaining at rest or in equilibrium
- About balanced forces
Dynamics
- Studies moving bodies under the effect of unbalanced forces
Types of Motion
- There are three basic motions: General, Translatory and Rotatory
Translatory or Linear Motion
- Movement of a segment in a straight line
- In true linear motion, each point moves the same distance, at the same time, in parallel paths
- Translation can occur in either a straight or curved line; rectilinear or curvilinear
Rotatory Motion (Angular Displacement)
- Movement of a segment around a fixed axis
- Each point on the segment moves through the same angle, at the same time, at a constant distance from the center of rotation
General Motion
- The combination of rotation and translation, common in body motion
Planes of Movement
- Imaginary surface on that movement takes place
- Axis: Imaginary line that movement take place around it
- Three imaginary planes (Cardinal) divide the body in half by mass: Sagittal (median) plane, Frontal (Coronal) plane, and Transverse (Horizontal) plane
Sagittal (Median) Plane
- Divides the body into right and left halves
- Movements can be seen from the side view
- The frontal (medio-lateral) axis (X)
- Perpendicular to the sagittal plane (Example: Flexion / Extension of shoulder joint)
Frontal (Coronal) Plane
- Splits the body vertically in anterior and posterior halves
- Movements in this plane can be seen from the front or back
- The sagittal (anterior-posterior) axis (Z)
- The sagittal axis is perpendicular to frontal plane (Abduction/Adduction of shoulder joint)
Transverse Plane
- Separates the body into upper and lower halves
- Movements in this plane can be seen from the upper or lower views
- The Longitudinal (vertical) axis (Y)
- The longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the transverse plane (Example: External/Internal rotation of shoulder)
Axes of Movement
- An imaginary line about which the body rotates or spins, at right angles to the plane
- Three Axes: Frontal (medio-lateral) axis, Sagittal (anterior-posterior) axis, and Longitudinal (vertical) axis
Frontal (Medio-Lateral) Axis (X)
- Imaginary line around which sagittal plane rotations occur
- The frontal axis is perpendicular to the sagittal plane
- Example: Flexion / Extension of shoulder joint
Sagittal (Anterior-Posterior) Axis (Z)
- Imaginary line around which frontal plane rotations occur
- The sagittal axis is perpendicular to the frontal plane
- Example: Abduction/Adduction of shoulder joint
Longitudinal (Vertical) Axis (Y)
- Imaginary line around which transverse plane rotations occur
- The longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the transverse plane
- Example: External Internal rotation of shoulder
- The three cardinal planes and axes of motion meet in a single point called "COG" center of gravity
- Movements occur in the sagittal plane around the frontal axis at the wrist, elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, trunk, and ankle
- Movements occur in the frontal plane around the sagittal axis at the shoulder, hip, trunk, neck, wrist and subtalar joints
- Movements occur in the transverse plane around the vertical axis at the hip, shoulder, radio-ulnar joints, neck, and trunk
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