Kinematics Quiz

Mechanics

Kinematics

• Study of the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion
• Key concepts:
  • Displacement: change in position of an object
  • Velocity: rate of change of displacement
  • Acceleration: rate of change of velocity
  • Time: measure of duration
• Equations of motion:
  1. v = u + at (velocity = initial velocity + acceleration × time)
  2. s = ut + (1/2)at^2 (displacement = initial velocity × time + (1/2) × acceleration × time^2)
  3. v^2 = u^2 + 2as (velocity^2 = initial velocity^2 + 2 × acceleration × displacement)

Dynamics

• Study of the motion of objects considering the forces that cause the motion
• Key concepts:
  • Force: push or pull that causes an object to change its motion
  • Newton's laws of motion:
    • First law (inertia): an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion, unless acted upon by an external force
    • Second law (force and acceleration): F = ma (force = mass × acceleration)
    • Third law (action and reaction): for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
• Types of forces:
  • Gravity: force of attraction between two objects
  • Friction: force that opposes motion
  • Normal force: force exerted by a surface on an object

Energy and Work

• Key concepts:
  • Energy: ability to do work
  • Work: transfer of energy from one object to another
  • Kinetic energy: energy of motion
  • Potential energy: energy of position or stored energy
• Equations:
  1. W = F × s (work = force × displacement)
  2. K = (1/2)mv^2 (kinetic energy = (1/2) × mass × velocity^2)
  3. U = mgh (potential energy = mass × gravity × height)

Momentum and Rotational Motion

• Key concepts:
  • Momentum: product of an object's mass and velocity
  • Rotational motion: motion around a fixed axis
  • Angular velocity: rate of change of angular displacement
  • Torque: rotational force that causes an object to rotate
• Equations:
  1. p = mv (momentum = mass × velocity)
  2. L = r × p (angular momentum = radius × momentum)
  3. τ = r × F (torque = radius × force)

Mechanics

Kinematics

• Study of motion without considering forces
• Key concepts:
  • Displacement: change in position of an object
  • Velocity: rate of change of displacement
  • Acceleration: rate of change of velocity
  • Time: measure of duration

Equations of Motion

• Velocity = initial velocity + acceleration × time (v = u + at)
• Displacement = initial velocity × time + (1/2) × acceleration × time^2 (s = ut + (1/2)at^2)
• Velocity^2 = initial velocity^2 + 2 × acceleration × displacement (v^2 = u^2 + 2as)

Dynamics

• Study of motion considering forces
• Key concepts:
  • Force: push or pull that causes an object to change its motion
  • First law (inertia): an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion, unless acted upon by an external force
  • Second law (force and acceleration): force = mass × acceleration (F = ma)
  • Third law (action and reaction): for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Types of Forces

• Gravity: force of attraction between two objects
• Friction: force that opposes motion
• Normal force: force exerted by a surface on an object

Energy and Work

• Key concepts:
  • Energy: ability to do work
  • Work: transfer of energy from one object to another
  • Kinetic energy: energy of motion
  • Potential energy: energy of position or stored energy

Equations

• Work = force × displacement (W = F × s)
• Kinetic energy = (1/2) × mass × velocity^2 (K = (1/2)mv^2)
• Potential energy = mass × gravity × height (U = mgh)

Momentum and Rotational Motion

• Key concepts:
  • Momentum: product of an object's mass and velocity
  • Rotational motion: motion around a fixed axis
  • Angular velocity: rate of change of angular displacement
  • Torque: rotational force that causes an object to rotate

Equations

• Momentum = mass × velocity (p = mv)
• Angular momentum = radius × momentum (L = r × p)
• Torque = radius × force (τ = r × F)