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Questions and Answers
What does the area beneath a velocity-time graph represent?
What does the area beneath a velocity-time graph represent?
In a velocity-time graph, what does the gradient signify?
In a velocity-time graph, what does the gradient signify?
When conducting the ball bearing experiment, what is the constant height used for measurement?
When conducting the ball bearing experiment, what is the constant height used for measurement?
What is the purpose of reducing the height by 0.05 m in the experiment?
What is the purpose of reducing the height by 0.05 m in the experiment?
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By substituting the equation v = u + at into the equation s = (u + v)t, what is derived?
By substituting the equation v = u + at into the equation s = (u + v)t, what is derived?
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Study Notes
Kinematics
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Distance: The amount of ground covered by an object, a scalar quantity.
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Displacement: The overall distance from the starting point, including direction, a vector quantity.
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Speed: The distance travelled per unit time, a scalar quantity.
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Velocity: The rate of change of displacement over time, a vector quantity.
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Acceleration: The rate of change of velocity over time.
- Uniform acceleration: Constant acceleration.
- Non-uniform acceleration: Changing acceleration.
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Uniform acceleration equations:
- s = ut + ½at²
- s = (u+v)t/2
- v² = u² + 2as
- where:
- s = displacement
- u = initial velocity
- v = final velocity
- a = acceleration
- t = time
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Graphs:
- Displacement-time graphs: Show displacement over time; gradient represents velocity.
- Velocity-time graphs: Show velocity over time; gradient represents acceleration; area under the graph represents displacement.
- Acceleration-time graphs: Show acceleration over time; area under the graph represents change in velocity.
- Instantaneous velocity: Velocity at a specific point in time, found by the gradient of a tangent to the displacement-time graph at that time.
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Distance and speed graphs: Distance vs time and speed vs time, both are scalar values and never negative.
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Experimental determination of g (acceleration due to gravity):
- Apparatus: Light gates, data logger, electromagnet, steel ball bearing, stand, etc.
- Procedure: Adjust a height, switch on electromagnet to hold the ball bearing, switch off, note time for ball to fall. Repeat for different heights, and determine the mean values.
- Method: Plot a graph of 2h against t²; the gradient gives the value of g.
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Description
Test your understanding of kinematics concepts such as distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. This quiz covers essential equations and graph interpretations related to motion. Perfect for students learning about the fundamentals of physics.
