Kidney Function Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

Regulate heart rate
Produce hormones
Absorb nutrients
Filter blood and excrete urine (correct)

The kidneys contain approximately 1 million nephrons each.

True (A)

What is collected in Bowman's capsule during the filtration process?

Filtrate (water, glucose, minerals, urea)

About ___% of water and useful substances are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.

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Match the following stages of kidney function with their descriptions:

<p>Filtration = Blood pressure pushes water and molecules through capillary walls Reabsorption = Useful substances re-enter the bloodstream Secretion = Waste products are added to urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Kidney function

The kidneys filter blood, control fluid levels, and remove waste as urine.

Nephron

The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering.

Filtration

Blood pressure forces water and small molecules from the blood into Bowman's capsule.

Reabsorption

The process of returning most water and valuable substances back into the bloodstream from the tubules.

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Urine formation

Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion combine to create urine.

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Study Notes

Kidney Function Overview

Kidneys are bean-shaped organs that filter blood, maintain fluid balance, and excrete urine.
Each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, which are the functional units for filtration.

Filtration Process

Blood enters the nephron through the afferent arteriole.
It passes through the glomerulus, where filtration occurs.
The filtrate (water, glucose, minerals, urea) is collected in Bowman's capsule.
Larger molecules (e.g., proteins) remain in the bloodstream.

Filtration Stages

Filtration: Blood pressure forces water and small molecules through capillary walls into Bowman's capsule.
Reabsorption: Approximately 99% of water and essential substances are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream from the renal tubules.
Secretion: Remaining waste products are secreted into the urine, which then travels through the collecting duct and exits the kidney via the ureters.