Kidney Function Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is not a toxic waste product that the kidneys filter out of the body?

  • Uric acid
  • Creatinine
  • Bicarbonate (correct)
  • Urea

What is the central function of the kidneys?

  • Filtration of lymph
  • Production of bile
  • Synthesis of insulin
  • Regulation of water concentration (correct)

Which is not a function of the kidneys?

  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Excretion of foreign chemicals
  • Storage of fat (correct)
  • Releasing hormones and enzymes

The combination of a glomerulus and a Bowman’s capsule constitutes a ____________.

<p>Renal corpuscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Only about ____________% of plasma filters into Bowman’s capsule.

<p>20% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Kidney Function:

  • Kidneys filter out toxic waste products from the body.
  • These toxic waste products include: urea, creatinine, uric acid, hemoglobin breakdown products.
  • Bicarbonate isn't a toxic waste product; it's a critical component of blood pH regulation.
  • The primary function of the kidneys is to regulate water concentration in the body.
  • Other functions include: excreting foreign chemicals, gluconeogenesis (creating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources), and releasing hormones and enzymes.
  • Kidneys do not store fat, produce bile, filter lymph, or synthesize insulin.
  • The functional unit of the kidney is called a nephron.
  • Each nephron consists of: a renal corpuscle, a renal tubule.
  • The renal corpuscle is made up of a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule.
  • Only 20% of plasma filters into Bowman's capsule.
  • The remaining blood leaves the glomerulus through the efferent arteriole.

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