Kidney Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Medial indentation of a kidney called?

Renal hilum

encloses each kidney and gives it a glistening appearance

Fibrous capsule

a fatty mass surrounds each kidney and caution it against blows

Perirenal fat capsule

the most superficial layer made of dense fibrous connective tissue anchors the kidney and adrenal gland to surrounding structures

<p>Renal fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

a condition when the fatty mass of the kidney dwindles and the kidneys drop to a lower position

<p>Ptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

the ureter kinks and the urine can no longer pass through the ureters backs up and exerts pressure on the kidney tissue this condition called

<p>Hydronephrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

the pyramids are separated by extensions of cortex like tissue called

<p>Renal columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

the medulla has triangular regions with a striped appearance called the

<p>Renal pyramids or medullary pyramid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Region a kidney which is a darker reddish brown area

<p>Renal medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

the outer region of a kidney which is light in color

<p>Renal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

lateral to the helum is a flat funnel shaped tube and is continuous with the ureter leaving the helum

<p>Renal pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

it collects the urine which continuously drains from the tips of the pyramid into the renal pelvis

<p>Calyces</p> Signup and view all the answers

the extensions of the pelvis is a singular form cup shaped drains that enclose the tips of the pyramid

<p>Calyces</p> Signup and view all the answers

are the structural and functional units of the kidneys and are responsible for forming urine

<p>Nephrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

not of capillaries and a cup shaped hollow structure that completely surround the glomerulus like a well worn based glove enclose a ball

<p>Glomerular or browmans capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

each of which receives urine from many nephrons round downward through the medullary pyramid giving the pyramid a striped appearance

<p>Collecting ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

specialized for filtration differs from any other capillary bed in the entire body because it is both fed and drained by arteries

<p>Glomerulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the two capillary beds that is associated with nephron

<p>Glomerulus and peritubular</p> Signup and view all the answers

this capillaries are low pressure pores vessels adapted for absorption instead of filtration and drains into the cortical ready veins art with veins and ultimately into the interlobular

<p>Peritubular capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Urine formation is a result of three process?

<p>Glomerular filtration, tubular absorption and tubular secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

is a non-selective passive process in which fluid passes from the blood into the glomerular capsule part of the renal tubule

<p>Glomerular filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

an abnormally low urinary output is called when it is between 100 and 400 ml per day

<p>Oliguria</p> Signup and view all the answers

an abnormally low urinary output is called if it is less than 100 ml per day

<p>Anuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

water glucose amino acids are needed ions are transported out of the filtrate into the tubule cells and then enter the capillary bed

<p>Tubular reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

hydrogen and potassium creatinine and drugs are removed from the peritubular blood and secreted by the tubule cells into the filtrate

<p>Tubular secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are the common nitrogenous waste

<p>Urea, uric acid and creatinine</p> Signup and view all the answers

formed by the liver as an end product of protein breakdown when amino acids are used to produce energy

<p>Urea</p> Signup and view all the answers

release when nucleic acids are metabolized

<p>Uric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

associated with Creatine metabolism in muscle tissue

<p>Creatinine</p> Signup and view all the answers

is the act of emptying the bladder

<p>Micturition</p> Signup and view all the answers

is the driving force for water intake

<p>Thirst mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

our system of one or two molecules that act to prevent dramatic change in the hydrogen ion concentration when acid or bases are added

<p>Blood buffer</p> Signup and view all the answers

eliminates carbon dioxide from the blood while it loads oxygen into the blood

<p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

the need to get up during the night to urinate

<p>Nocturia</p> Signup and view all the answers

frequent voiding of small amounts of urine

<p>Frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

a feeling that it is necessary to void

<p>Urgency</p> Signup and view all the answers

a cup shape hollow structure that completely surrounds the glomerulus like a well worn baseball gloves encloses a ball

<p>Bowman's capsule or glomerular capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

the normal yellow color of urine is due to it is a pigment that results from the body's destruction of hemoglobin

<p>Urochrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

the smooth triangular region of the bladder base outlined by the three openings is called

<p>Trigone</p> Signup and view all the answers

fluids that includes all body fluids located outside the cells

<p>Extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

fluid that is contained within the living cells

<p>Intracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

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