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Questions and Answers

What is the branch of physics that studies the relationships between heat, work, and energy?

Thermodynamics

What is the SI unit of temperature?

Kelvin (K)

What is the measure of the disorder of a system, or energy unavailable to do work?

Entropy

Heat cannot flow from a colder body to a hotter body without the input of external work.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are NOT examples of open systems?

<p>A sealed container of gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of system exchanges both mass and energy with its surroundings?

<p>Open system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of property is independent of the mass of the system?

<p>Intensive property</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of property depends on the mass or size of the system?

<p>Extensive property</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a process where no heat transfer into or out of the system occurs?

<p>Adiabatic process</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a process where no change in volume occurs?

<p>Isochoric process</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a process where no change in pressure occurs?

<p>Isobaric process</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a process where no change in temperature occurs?

<p>Isothermal process</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a thermodynamic state?

<p>The exact condition of a substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of specific volume?

<p>The ratio of volume per unit mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of specific volume?

<p>m³/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pressure?

<p>The force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of pressure?

<p>Pascal (Pa)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of enthalpy?

<p>The total energy content of a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol for enthalpy?

<p>H</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of enthalpy?

<p>kJ/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of thermodynamic work?

<p>The energy transferred from one system to another without the transfer of mass due to a force causing movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of thermal equilibrium?

<p>A state in which a system is balanced so that there are no net changes in its properties, such as temperature, pressure, or concentration, over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an isolated system?

<p>A system that cannot transfer either mass or energy with the surrounding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the law that states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other?

<p>The Zeroth law of thermodynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main modes of heat transfer?

<p>Conduction, convection, and radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of heat transfer where heat is transferred directly through a material without any movement of the material?

<p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the main modes of heat transfer can occur in fluids?

<p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of heat transfer that occurs when energy is transferred through electromagnetic waves?

<p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of applications of conduction in heat transfer?

<p>Cooking utensils, building insulation, heat sinks, and industrial furnaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of steam that contains some suspended water particles?

<p>Wet steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of steam that contains no moisture?

<p>Dry steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of steam that has been heated beyond its saturation temperature?

<p>Superheated steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to define the ratio of mass of dry steam to the total mass of wet steam?

<p>Dryness fraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of latent heat?

<p>The amount of heat required for the change of phase of 1 kg of water at saturated temperature to dry saturated steam at constant temperature and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of sensible heat?

<p>The heat which can be sensed by a thermometer - a change in temperature can be observed, but there is no change of phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of enthalpy of steam?

<p>The amount of heat added to 1 kg of water during heating from freezing point 0 °C to the boiling point is known as Enthalpy of saturated water (Sensible heat of water).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of enthalpy of dry saturated steam?

<p>The amount of heat required to convert 1 kg of water at 0°C into dry saturated steam at constant pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of enthalpy of superheated steam?

<p>The amount of heat required to convert 1 kg of water at 0°C into superheated steam at constant pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the steam table?

<p>To provide the properties of steam at various pressures and temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of heat transfer?

<p>The movement of thermal energy from one object or system to another due to a temperature difference between them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of conduction?

<p>The transfer of heat through a material without any net motion of the material itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a composite wall?

<p>A structure made up of different materials with distinct thermal conductivities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a composite cylinder?

<p>A cylinder structure made up of different materials with distinct thermal conductivities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of combined conduction?

<p>The heat transfer process that occurs when multiple modes of conduction are present in a system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of the overall heat transfer coefficient (U value)?

<p>A measure of the overall heat transfer rate across the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Unit 1: Introduction to Thermodynamics

  • Introduction to Thermodynamics: Focuses on the relationship between heat, work, and energy. It examines the macroscopic behavior of systems and processes, not the microscopic details of individual particles.

  • Key Concepts: Includes temperature, energy (kinetic, potential, internal), heat (energy transfer due to temperature differences), work (energy transfer due to force acting through a distance), entropy, and the laws of thermodynamics.

  • Zeroth, First, and Second Laws: The document notes that the unit will cover the Zeroth, First, and Second Laws of Thermodynamics, among other topics. This implies an introduction to these fundamental laws and their significance.

Unit Content (Additional Details)

  • Modes of heat transfer: The unit will cover the different ways that heat is transferred (e.g., conduction, convection, radiation).

  • Thermodynamic systems and modes of heat transfer: Students will be expected to explain thermodynamic systems and different heat transfer modes.

Course Outcome (CO)

  • CO201.1: Students will explain thermodynamic systems and modes of heat transfer.

Additional Information

  • Number of Lectures: Ten lectures are planned to cover Unit 1.

  • Reference: The document references a textbook titled "Basic Mechanical Engineering" by M.P. Poonia & S.C. Sharma, from Khanna Publishing House, Delhi.

  • Concepts Map: The second page of the provided documents demonstrates a concept map illustrating different topics of Mechanical Engineering, that will be covered (e.g. Heat transfer, Thermodynamics, Steam turbines, Machine tools, and Machining Processes). This might depict the interconnectedness of various mechanical engineering ideas.

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