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Questions and Answers

What is NOT considered a fundamental element of the state?

  • Population
  • Sovereignty
  • National identity (correct)
  • Government

Why is a defined territory critical for the existence of a state?

  • It ensures a uniform culture.
  • It allows for economic independence.
  • It establishes military boundaries.
  • It helps regulate the flow of people and goods. (correct)

Which statement about the population of a state is true?

  • Diversity within the population is acceptable. (correct)
  • A state must have a population of a single culture.
  • The size of the population must be fixed.
  • A state needs a large population to exist.

What would happen if a state were missing a fixed territory?

<p>It would lack fundamental legal recognition. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT describe how territory functions for a state?

<p>It ensures cultural uniformity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of sovereignty is important for a state's governance?

<p>The ability to regulate its own population. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does population play in the existence of a state?

<p>It is essential for the state’s function and identity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about territory is accurate?

<p>Fixed territory is required for existence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a foreign individual becomes eligible to become a citizen of a specific country?

<p>Naturalization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of acquiring citizenship through naturalization as described?

<p>Citizenship by Military Service (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criteria must be met for a child to gain citizenship through adoption?

<p>The child must be under the age of 18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can citizenship be lost according to the provided information?

<p>Through a legal process that varies by location (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a circumstance in which a citizen is no longer recognized as a lawful citizen?

<p>Loss of Citizenship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes citizenship by marriage?

<p>It allows foreign nationals to automatically gain citizenship upon marriage to a citizen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents involuntary loss of citizenship?

<p>Being convicted of treason (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential requirement for a couple adopting a child to acquire citizenship for that child?

<p>The adopting parents must be permanent citizens. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four essential elements that make up a modern state?

<p>Population, territory, government, and sovereignty (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the state characterized in contrast to government?

<p>The state is compulsory, while membership in government is voluntary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about government is correct?

<p>The government is derived from the powers granted by the state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes democracy from other forms of government?

<p>It allows for the will of the population to influence governance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an attribute of the government compared to the state?

<p>The government is temporary and can change. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of government is characterized by rule by a few individuals?

<p>Aristocracy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function is primarily the responsibility of a democratic government?

<p>To maintain law and order (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way is a state described in the context provided?

<p>It is an abstract political community. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the birthplace of democracy?

<p>Athens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Athenian democracy?

<p>Direct popular participation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant limitation of Athenian democracy?

<p>Only a small portion of the population could vote (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group was excluded from citizenship in Athenian democracy?

<p>Residents and foreigners (A), Adult females (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What notion did Athenian democracy invent?

<p>Citizens as participants in governance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Athenian democracy, who could participate in voting?

<p>All adult men with Athenian parents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it argued that democracy is not built overnight?

<p>It involves gradual societal changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key responsibility of government according to Athenian democracy?

<p>To be accountable to its citizens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes substantive democracy from other forms of democracy?

<p>It emphasizes the functioning and outcomes of government decisions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do indigenous governance systems relate to modern political structures in Ethiopia?

<p>They coexist informally and can support democratic values. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of indigenous democratic values in Ethiopia?

<p>They have roots that date back to ancient Ethiopian traditions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do traditional governance systems play in modern Ethiopian society?

<p>They fill gaps left by formal institutions, especially in rural areas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'functional democracy' refer to?

<p>A form of democracy that operates effectively in practice. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are indigenous traditional institutions considered relevant to modern governance?

<p>They can converge with democratic values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining aspect of substantive democracy in relation to citizen participation?

<p>Active involvement of the general population in governance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What assumption underlies the belief in accommodating indigenous governance within democratic structures?

<p>That they can enhance rather than undermine democracy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes ancient Athenian democracy?

<p>It was a direct form of democracy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of democracy is characterized by supporting a free-market system?

<p>Liberal democracy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region is the indigenous governance system of Jarsuma practiced?

<p>Oromia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about democracy is true?

<p>Democracy and democratization is a process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle that supports democracy?

<p>Rule of law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence the rule of law?

<p>Cultural traditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the rule of law ensure in a democratic state?

<p>The protection of citizens’ rights and freedoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the rule of law differ from the rule of man?

<p>Rule of law emphasizes individual rights, while rule of man centralizes power in one individual. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Naturalization

The legal process for foreign individuals to become citizens of a country.

Citizenship by Marriage

A foreign national marrying a citizen automatically gains citizenship in that country.

Citizenship by Adoption

Adopting a foreign child makes them a citizen of the adopting country.

Eligibility Criteria (Adoption)

Requirements for adopting a child and making them a citizen, such as parental citizenship status, child's age and citizenship.

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Loss of Citizenship

A situation where a citizen is no longer recognized as a lawful citizen of a country.

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Voluntary Citizenship Loss

Loss of citizenship due to actions taken by the citizen, which might be to serve in a foreign military.

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Involuntary Citizenship Loss

Loss of citizenship due to circumstances beyond the citizen's control e.g. naturalization revoked due to fraud.

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Citizenship Acquisition Methods

Different ways a person can become a citizen, including naturalization, marriage, and adoption.

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State's population

The people living within a state's territory.

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State's territory

A fixed and defined area of land where the state operates and where its laws apply.

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State Government

The institutions and individuals that govern the state.

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State's Sovereignty

The state's absolute authority within its own territory.

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Essential elements of a State

Population, territory, government, and sovereignty that are needed for a state to exist.

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Fixed Territory

A clearly defined and unchanging area where the state operates.

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State's Existence

A state is formed when all essential components (population, territory, government and sovereignty) are present.

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Diversified Population

A state's population can consist of varied cultures without interfering with the state's functioning.

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Athenian Democracy

Direct democracy practiced in ancient Athens, where citizens voted directly on important issues.

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Direct Democracy

A system of government in which citizens vote directly on laws and policies.

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Limitations of Athenian Democracy

Athenian democracy's restrictions on participation, such as eligibility based on gender and status.

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Origin of Democracy

Athens, Greece, in the 5th century B.C.

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Political Equality (Athenian)

The concept that free adult male citizens had equal political rights, unlike today's view that includes all citizens.

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Citizen

In Athenian democracy, mainly adult male citizens owning a property.

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Free and fair election

An election in which no one interferes with the voting process, ensuring all eligible voters have a chance to participate.

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Democracy is built over time

The idea that establishing a democracy is a gradual process, not an immediate event.

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State vs. Government

A state is the entire political community, including people, territory, and a governing structure (sovereignty). The government is a part of the state, the institution that runs the state's affairs.

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State Elements

A state is made up of people, a specific area (territory), an organized system of governance (government), and ultimate power (sovereignty).

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Sovereignty

The ultimate power and authority of a state to govern itself, independent of other states.

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Government Forms

Governments can have various structures based on the power-holding group, like monarchy, aristocracy, dictatorship, or democracy.

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State vs. Government (Difference)

The state is a broad concept, whereas government describes the specific institutions that run the state.

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State's Stability

A state, as a whole, is generally more enduring and long-lasting than any specific government.

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Government's Role

Governments are responsible for enforcing laws, maintaining safety, managing the economy, and defending the state.

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State's Abstract Nature

A state is often considered as an abstract concept, emphasizing the underlying unity of the community, unlike a concrete entity like a government.

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Substantive Democracy

A democracy where the general population has a real say in political affairs; not only structured as a democracy, but also functions as one.

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Functional Democracy

Another name for substantive democracy.

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Indigenous Democratic Values

Traditional values and practices related to governance that emphasize democracy.

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Indigenous Governance Systems (Ethiopia)

Traditional Ethiopian institutions and practices for governing, existing alongside modern systems.

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Modern Governance Systems

Formal political systems and institutions introduced into a country.

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Ethiopian Indigenous Institutions

Traditional governing bodies in Ethiopian society, particularly relevant in rural areas.

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Role of Indigenous Governance

How indigenous systems contribute to democracy's development and practices.

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Conflict Resolution Mechanisms

Traditional methods used to settle disputes in a society, often alongside formal legal systems.

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Ancient Athenian Democracy

A form of democracy where citizens directly participate in decision-making.

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Liberal Democracy

A democracy that protects individual rights and freedoms, often with a free market economy.

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Jarsuma

An indigenous governance system practiced in specific areas of Ethiopia.

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Democracy as a Process

The idea that democracy is an ongoing development and participation of all people.

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Rule of Law

The principle that everyone, including the government, is accountable under the law.

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Rule of Man

A system where a single individual or small group is above the law and makes rules.

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Sources of Law

The origins of laws, including constitutions, statutes, and customs.

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Importance of Rule of Law

The value of a system where laws are followed equally by everyone for peace, order and citizen rights.

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Study Notes

Citizenship Education Grade 7 Textbook

  • Textbook is about Ethiopian citizenship education for grade 7 students
  • Authors include Taye Demissie (PhD), Bewuketu Dires (PhD), Dereje Fikre, Mulugeta Sharew, Shegaw Wedaj (PhD), Wasihun Dagne, Tesfahunegn Minwuyelet, Zelalem Birhan
  • Content covers various topics on citizenship, state, government, democracy, rule of law, and human rights.
  • Table of contents include sections for introduction, unit summaries, glossaries, and review questions for each unit.
  • Sections cover Citizenship, state and government, democracy, rule of law, and human rights are included.

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