Key Figures and Events of the Civil War
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary role of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War?

He was the 16th President of the United States and led the country through the Civil War while abolishing slavery.

What were the main causes of the Secession of the Deep South?

Disagreements over states' rights, economic and cultural differences, and the issue of slavery caused the secession.

How did the Deep South, Upper South, and Border States differ in their responses to the Civil War?

The Deep South seceded early, the Upper South seceded later after Fort Sumter, and the Border States remained loyal to the Union.

What was the Confederate States of America?

<p>It was a short-lived nation formed by Southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggered the New York draft riots of 1863?

<p>The riots were triggered by public protest against the introduction of a draft for Union army recruitment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Homestead Act passed in 1862?

<p>It allowed settlers to claim up to 160 acres of land for free if they lived on and farmed it for five years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributions did Clara Barton make during the Civil War?

<p>Clara Barton provided crucial aid to soldiers and civilians as a nurse and humanitarian.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred at Fort Sumter in April 1861?

<p>Fort Sumter was attacked by Confederate forces, marking the start of the Civil War.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were two key advantages of the Confederacy during the Civil War?

<p>The Confederacy had a strong military tradition and a sense of regional identity and unity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Merrimack and Monitor battle?

<p>The battle was significant as it marked the first meeting in combat of ironclad warships, changing naval warfare forever.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Emancipation Proclamation accomplish?

<p>It declared that all slaves in the Confederate states were free, changing the moral focus of the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did women contribute to the Civil War effort?

<p>Women provided aid to soldiers, worked in factories, and took on roles in agriculture to support the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Gettysburg Address?

<p>The Gettysburg Address honored fallen soldiers and redefined the war's purpose in terms of equality and liberty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Copperheads and what did they advocate for?

<p>Copperheads were Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War and advocated for a negotiated peace with the Confederacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Battle of Antietam?

<p>The Battle of Antietam was significant as it was the bloodiest single-day battle, leading to the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe Sherman's March and its implications.

<p>Sherman's March was a devastating campaign through the Confederate states, destroying infrastructure and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Appomattox Courthouse?

<p>Appomattox Courthouse was the site where General Lee surrendered to General Grant, marking the end of the Civil War.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Anaconda Plan and its strategy?

<p>The Anaconda Plan was a military strategy aimed at blockading Confederate ports and controlling the Mississippi River.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Who was Abraham Lincoln?

The 16th President of the United States, who led the country through the Civil War and ultimately abolished slavery.

What was the Secession of the "Deep South"?

The secession of several Southern states, including South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana, from the United States in 1861.

What was the Secession of "Upper South"?

The states that seceded from the Union after the Battle of Fort Sumter, including Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina.

What were the Confederate States of America?

A short-lived nation formed by the Southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861.

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What were the New York draft riots?

A series of violent protests that took place in New York City in 1863, in response to the introduction of a draft to fill the Union army's manpower needs.

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What was the Homestead Act?

A law passed in 1862 that allowed settlers to claim free land in the West.

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Who was Clara Barton?

A nurse and humanitarian who played a crucial role in the Civil War, providing aid to soldiers and civilians.

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Who was Jefferson Davis?

The President of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.

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Merrimack

The Confederate ironclad ship that fought against the Union's Monitor during the Battle of Hampton Roads.

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Emancipation Proclamation

A presidential proclamation issued by Abraham Lincoln to declare that all slaves in Confederate states would be freed. It symbolized the war's moral purpose of ending slavery.

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Who was Ulysses S. Grant?

A skilled military strategist who fought against the Confederate forces, he was responsible for critical victories for the Union army.

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What was Antietam?

A battle in 1862 where the Union army defeated the Confederate army, marking a turning point in the war. This victory also led to the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation.

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What is the Anaconda Plan?

A military strategy devised by the Union to effectively conquer the Confederacy by blockading its ports and dividing its territories into smaller regions, aiming to cripple its resources and ultimately lead to its defeat.

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Who was Stonewall Jackson?

A skilled Confederate general who played a significant role in the early stages of the war. He was known for his tactical genius, especially during major battles including the Battle of Fredericksburg.

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What was Fredericksburg?

A battle that took place in 1862 when the Confederate army was victorious, marking a significant setback for the Union. This defeat revealed the challenges the Union faced in the war.

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What was Sherman's March?

A military campaign carried out by General Sherman in 1864, where he marched through the Confederacy, destroying infrastructure and resources to cripple the Confederate supply lines and weaken their military capabilities. It marked a significant turning point in the war.

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What was Appomattox Courthouse?

The final decisive battle of the Civil War, where Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. It marked the end of the Confederate resistance and the beginning of the Reconstruction era.

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Study Notes

Key Figures of the Civil War

  • Abraham Lincoln: 16th President of the US, led the Union through the Civil War and abolished slavery.
  • Jefferson Davis: President of the Confederate States of America.
  • Alexander Stephens: Vice President of the Confederate States of America.
  • Clara Barton: Nurse and humanitarian who aided soldiers and civilians during the war.
  • Ulysses S. Grant: Union general instrumental in winning the war.
  • Robert E. Lee: Confederate general.
  • Stonewall Jackson: Confederate general renowned for bravery and tactics.
  • George McClellan: Union general, ran against Lincoln in 1864.
  • John Wilkes Booth: Assassinated President Lincoln.
  • William Tecumseh Sherman: Union general who led Sherman's March.

Key Battles and Events

  • Fort Sumter: Union fort in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, attacked, marking the start of the Civil War.
  • First Bull Run (Manassas): First major battle of the Civil War.
  • Antietam: Decisive Union victory, prompting the Emancipation Proclamation.
  • Fredericksburg: Confederate victory, a low point for the Union.
  • Wilderness Campaign: Series of battles between Grant and Lee in 1864.
  • Appomattox Courthouse: Site of Lee's surrender to Grant, ending the Civil War.
  • Gettysburg: Major Union victory; Lincoln delivered his Gettysburg Address.
  • Sherman's March: Union campaign through Confederate territory, destroying infrastructure.
  • Merrimack/Monitor: Naval battle showcasing the changing nature of naval warfare with ironclad ships.

Key Issues and Policies

  • Secession of the "Deep South": Several Southern states seceded from the Union in 1861, primarily due to disagreements over slavery and states' rights.
  • Secession of the "Upper South": Southern states seceded after the Battle of Fort Sumter, including Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
  • Confederate States of America: Nation formed by the seceded Southern states.
  • Anaconda Plan: Union strategy to blockade Confederate ports and divide the Confederacy.
  • Emancipation Proclamation: Lincoln's 1863 declaration freeing slaves in Confederate states.
  • Homestead Act: Law allowing settlers to claim land.
  • New York Draft Riots: Violent protests against the Union draft in 1863.
  • Election of 1864: Lincoln's re-election solidified the Union's commitment to preserving the nation.
  • Copperheads: Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War and advocated for peace.

Other Aspects

  • Union Advantages: Larger population, more resources, stronger economy.
  • Confederate Advantages: Strong military tradition, agricultural strength, regional unity.
  • Women's Impact on War: Women played critical roles in supporting the war effort in various ways.
  • Deep South, Upper South, Border States geographic divisions during the war.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the pivotal figures and battles that shaped the American Civil War. This quiz covers key leaders, major events, and significant contributions to the conflict. Challenge yourself to see how well you remember these historical details.

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