Key Concepts in Math

Basic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
Order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS: Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division, Addition and Subtraction)

Variables: symbols representing numbers
Equations: mathematical statements asserting equality (e.g., (ax + b = c))
Functions: relationships between input (independent variable) and output (dependent variable)
Polynomials: expressions consisting of variables and coefficients (e.g., (x^2 + 3x + 2))

Shapes: definitions and properties (e.g., triangles, circles, polygons)
Theorems: key principles like the Pythagorean theorem (in right triangles, (a^2 + b^2 = c^2))
Area and perimeter formulas for common shapes
Volume and surface area for 3D shapes (e.g., cubes, spheres)

Practice regularly: Solve various problems to reinforce concepts.
Visual aids: Utilize graphs and diagrams to enhance understanding, especially in geometry and trigonometry.
Break down complex problems: Tackle them step by step to avoid overwhelming confusion.
Memorize key formulas: Create flashcards for quick recall during exams.

Basic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are fundamental to all areas of math.
Order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS): Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division (from left to right), Addition and Subtraction (from left to right). This order ensures consistent calculations.

Variables: Symbols like 'x' or 'y' represent unknown numbers in equations and functions.
Equations: Mathematical statements showing equality between expressions. Example: 2x + 5 = 11.
Functions: Relationships where an input (independent variable) determines an output (dependent variable). Example: f(x) = 2x, where the input 'x' gets doubled to produce the output.
Polynomials: Expressions with variables, exponents, and coefficients. Example: 3x^2 + 2x - 1 is a polynomial.

Shapes: Defined by properties, like number of sides, angles, or curvature. Triangles, circles, squares, and cubes are common examples.
Theorems: Established mathematical principles. The Pythagorean theorem states: "In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides (a^2 + b^2 = c^2).
Area and Perimeter: Key measurements for shapes. Area is the space within a shape, while perimeter is the total length of its boundaries.
Volume and Surface Area: Measures for three-dimensional shapes. Volume is the amount of space a shape occupies, while surface area is the total area of all its surfaces.

Study of relationships between angles and sides of triangles, especially right triangles.
Key ratios: Sine (sin), Cosine (cos), and Tangent (tan) relate angles to the sides of triangles.
Unit Circle: A circle with radius 1 used to visualize trigonometric relationships between angles and coordinates in a circular system.
Trigonometric Identities: Equations relating trigonometric functions, like sin^2(x) + cos^2(x) = 1.

Limits: Mathematical concept to understand the behavior of functions as they approach specific values.
Derivatives: Measure the rate of change of a function, or its slope at a specific point.
Integrals: Determine the area under a curve or the accumulation of quantities over a given range.
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus: Connects differentiation (derivatives) and integration (integrals), signifying a fundamental relationship between these concepts.

Data Types: Qualitative (descriptive features) and Quantitative (numerical measurements) are ways to categorize data.
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean (average), Median (middle value when sorted), and Mode (most frequent value) describe the central value of a dataset.
Variability: Range, Variance, and Standard Deviation measure how spread out data points are within a dataset.
Probability Basics: Events, Outcomes, and Independence deal with the likelihood of specific events occurring.

Logical Statements: Assertions that are either true or false.
Set Notation: Describes collections of objects, with symbols representing unions, intersections, and subsets.
Venn Diagrams: Visual representations of sets and their relationships, using circles to show overlapping or non-overlapping elements.

Prime Numbers: Integers greater than 1 with only two divisors, 1 and themselves (examples are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11).
Divisibility Rules: Criteria for determining if a number is divisible by another number, like a number being even if it's divisible by 2.
Greatest Common Divisor (GCD): The largest integer that divides two or more numbers without leaving a remainder.
Least Common Multiple (LCM): The smallest multiple that two or more numbers share.

Cartesian Plane: Two-dimensional coordinate system defined by x and y axes, allowing for plotting points and lines.
Plotting Points: Representing ordered pairs (x, y) on the Cartesian plane.
Linear Equations: Equations whose graphs are straight lines.
Slope-Intercept Form: Equation in the form y = mx + b, where 'm' is the slope (rate of change) and 'b' is the y-intercept (where the line crosses the y-axis).