Key Concepts in AP Statistics

The objects (people, places, or things) described by a set of data.

Any characteristic of an individual that can take different values for different individuals.

categorical variable

<p>quantitative variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pattern of variation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An examination of data using statistical tools and ideas in order to describe their main features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A value that divides the observations so that about half take larger values and about half have smaller values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smallest value and the largest value in a set of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An individual observation that falls outside the overall pattern of the graph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A two-peaked shape of the distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right and left sides of the histogram are approximately mirror images of each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right: The right side extends much farther out than the left side; Left: The left side extends much farther out than the right side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two sides of a figure are exact mirror images of each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The value such that p percent of the observations fall at or below it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relative cumulative frequency graph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A display of observations against the time at which each observation was measured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A long-term upward or downward movement over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A pattern that repeats itself at regular time intervals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ordinary arithmetic average represented by the symbol called 'x-bar'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A value that cannot resist the influence of extreme observations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The midpoint of a distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurement of spread, the difference between the largest and smallest observations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The median of the observations whose position in the ordered list is to the left of the location of the overall median.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The median of the observations whose position in the ordered list is to the right of the location of the overall median.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The distance between the first and third quartiles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IQR = Q3 - Q1</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minimum, Q1, M, Q3, and Maximum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Must fall more than 1.5 X IQR above the third quartile or below the first quartile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A display that is best used for side-by-side comparison of more than one distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A graph of the five-number summary, with outliers plotted individually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The average distance from the observations to the mean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Average of the squares of the deviations of the observations from their mean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Original variable x changes into the new variable x new.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>x new = a + bx where a is a positive or negative constant and b is a positive constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An effective graphical display for comparing two fairly small quantitative data sets.</p> Signup and view all the answers