Key Concepts in Anthropology

The belief that the ways of one's own culture are the only proper ones.

Theories about the world and reality based on the assumptions and values of one's own culture.

<p>Use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specialization that brings theoretical and applied approaches from cultural and biological anthropology to the study of human sickness and health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study of customary patterns in human behavior, thought, and feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Learning the culture through social participation and personal observation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study and analysis of different cultures from a comparative or historical point of view.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study of human languages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study of human cultures through the recovery and analysis of material remains and environmental data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Archaeological study of human remains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concerned with survey and/or excavation of archaeological and historical remains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systematic study of humans as biological organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study of biological changes through time to understand the origins and predecessors of the present human species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An approach that focuses on the interaction of biology and culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study of living and fossil primates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analysis of human skeletal remains for legal purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An approach based on observations of the world rather than on intuition or faith.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tentative explanation of the relationship among certain phenomena.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Explanation of natural phenomena supported by a relatable body of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assertion of opinion or belief formally handed down by an authority as true and indisputable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any object fashioned or altered by humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Durable aspects of culture such as tools, structures, and art.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preserved remains of past life forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stains that show up on the surface of recently plowed fields that reveal an archaeological site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refuse or garbage disposal area in an archaeological site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>System for recording data from an archaeological excavation into three dimensions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Starting point or reference for grid system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dating around the time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dating that provides exact dates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Members of the society being studied who provide information that helps researchers understand the meaning of what they observe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unstructured, open-ended conversation in everyday life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structured question-answer session.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activities and objects used to draw out individuals and encourage them to recall and share information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-indexed ethnographic, biocultural, and archaeological data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formal recorded agreement between the subject and the researcher to participate in research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structures visible during cellular division containing long strands of DNA combined with a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic material consisting of a complex molecule whose base structure directs the synthesis of proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One half of the X shape of chromosomes visible once replication is complete.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alternate forms of a single gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete structure sequence of DNA for a species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kind of cell division that produces new cells having exactly the same number of chromosome pairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kind of cell division that produces sex cells each of which has half the number of chromosomes found in other cells of the organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromosome pair that bears identical alleles for a single gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromosome pair that bears different alleles for a single gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alleles possessed for a particular trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Term to describe the ability of an allele for a trait to mask the presence of another allele.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Term to describe an allele for a trait whose expression is masked by the presence of a dominant allele.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observable or testable appearance of an organism that may or may not reflect a particular genotype.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The protein that carries oxygen in the red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two or more genes contributing to the phenotypic expression of a single characteristic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Introduction of alleles from the gene pool of one population into that of another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Series of beneficial adjustments to the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mutation of hemoglobin protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The gradual changes in the frequency of an allele or trait over space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolution at the species level or leading to the formation of new species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of forming new species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speciation through branching mechanism whereby an ancestral population gives rise to two or more descendant populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sustained directional shift in a population's average characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Model of macroevolutionary change that suggests evolution occurs via long periods of stability or stasis punctuated by periods of rapid change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active at night and at rest during the day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Living in the trees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active during the day and at rest at night.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vision with increased depth perception from two eyes set next to each other allowing their visual fields to overlap.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete 3D vision or depth perception images from each eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to bring the thumb or big toe in contact with tips of the other digits on the same hand or foot to grab objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subdivision within the primate order based on shared anatomical characteristics: lemurs, lorises, tarsiers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New World and Old World monkeys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Based on shared genetic characteristics; lemurs and lorises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New World, Old World monkeys, apes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to grasp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moving from branch to branch using the arms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unit of social organization composed of fifty or more individuals who together inhabit a large geographic area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observed ranking system in animal groups ordering individuals from high to low standing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ritual of cleaning another animal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Object used to facilitate some task or activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers