Key Biological Concepts Quiz

Crossing over during meiosis results in new combinations of genes, making each embryo genetically unique.

Meiosis produces haploid cells known as gametes.

Recombination, also known as crossing over, is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.

<p>Eukaryotes have a nucleus, while prokaryotes do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both Bacteria and Archaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing DNA and RNA, responsible for growth and reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for energy production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Golgi body modifies, packages, and transports proteins within and outside the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids or fats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance inside the cell that suspends the organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell wall is a rigid layer that surrounds plant cells, providing structural support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell membrane regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common ancestry is the shared evolutionary history among organisms, leading to similarities in genes or characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more successfully.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coevolution is the process where two or more species evolve in response to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of the other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predation is the act of one organism (the predator) consuming another organism (the prey).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibiotics may be ineffective due to improper use, bacterial evolution, or over-prescription.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pyramid of energy shows the transfer of energy between trophic levels, with producers at the base and tertiary consumers at the top.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food, such as plants and algae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carnivores are animals that eat only other animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scavengers are animals that eat dead animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decomposers are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dumb Kids Playing Catch On Freeways Get Squished.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binomial nomenclature is the process of naming organisms using two names: genus and species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Punctuated equilibrium proposes that evolution occurs in bursts of rapid change, interspersed with periods of stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eukaryotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Density-dependent factors are environmental influences that are affected by a population's size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abiotic factors are non-living components in an ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CO₂ and water —(light)--&gt; glucose and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light-dependent reactions take place within the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Calvin cycle is the series of light-independent reactions in photosynthesis, converting CO₂ into glucose using ATP and NADPH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitosis results in two identical diploid cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The half-life of a substance is the time it takes for half of the substance to decay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isolating mechanisms are factors that prevent species from interbreeding, leading to speciation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A habitat is where an organism lives, while a niche is its role in the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(mag. 1) X (diameter 1) = (mag. 2) X (diameter 2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>common ancestor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both require DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plantae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavioral, Temporal, Geographic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anatomic isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A carrying capacity graph shows how the population size of a species changes over time in relation to the environment's carrying capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrying capacity is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA replication is necessary for mitosis to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete copy of the parent cell's genetic material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by performing two rounds of division, separating homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gamete is a sex cell, such as a sperm or egg cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A survivorship curve is a graph that shows how many individuals in a population survive at each age over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1: High survival in early life (e.g., humans, elephants). Type 2: Constant survival rate (e.g., birds, squirrels). Type 3: Low survival in early life (e.g., sea turtles, plants).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directional selection favors one extreme trait over others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disruptive selection favors both extreme traits over the intermediate trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stabilizing selection favors the intermediate trait over the extreme traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Producers form the largest portion of the biomass pyramid, while tertiary consumers form the smallest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temporal isolation occurs when two populations reproduce at different times of the year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anatomic isolation occurs when two species are isolated due to an incompatibility in reproductive parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geographic isolation occurs when two populations are separated physically by geographic barriers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reproductive isolation occurs when the members of two populations cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exponential growth is characterized by a population's growth rate that increases over time, resulting in a rapid increase in population size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Logistic growth is a pattern of population growth that initially starts with a period of exponential growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Survivorship growth refers to the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) take place in the stroma of the chloroplast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calvin cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>light absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>light dependent</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CO2 and H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Line graphs, bar graphs, and pie charts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The X-axis represents the independent variable, while the Y-axis represents the dependent variable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Pearson Correlation Coefficient (R-value) is a statistical measure that indicates the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strong positive R-value is close to +1, indicating a strong positive linear relationship between two variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong Positive: R ≈ +0.75 to +1.0. Strong Negative: R ≈ -0.75 to -1.0.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Total Magnification = Eyepiece Magnification × Objective Magnification.</p> Signup and view all the answers