Ketoses and Chirality Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which designation is based on the configuration about the single asymmetric C in glyceraldehyde?

  • D
  • R
  • L (correct)
  • S

What type of isomerism is found in pairs of structures that are mirror images of each other?

  • Cis-trans isomerism
  • Structural isomerism
  • Geometric isomerism
  • Enantiomerism (correct)

How many stereoisomers are possible for a compound with four chiral centers?

  • 32
  • 4
  • 16 (correct)
  • 8

When fructose reacts to form a 6-member ring, which group reacts with the OH on C6?

<p>C2 keto group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we call stereoisomers that differ only in configuration around one chiral center?

<p>Epimers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the 6-membered pyranose ring formed by D-glucose?

<p>Pyranose ring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual proposed the D & L designations for sugars?

<p>Emil Fischer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which form of glucose do the hydroxyl groups at C1 and C5 react to form an intramolecular hemiacetal?

<p>Linear form (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of representation shows a simple ring in perspective for cyclic sugars like glucose?

<p>Haworth projection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of oxygen from the hydroxyl group to form sugars like deoxyribose?

<p>Dehydration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of optical activity is exhibited if a sugar solution turns the plane of polarized light to the right?

<p>Dextrorotatory (+) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many carbon atoms are present in monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and galactose?

<p>6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between amylose and amylopectin?

<p>Amylose is a linear structure, while amylopectin is highly branched (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about glycogen?

<p>Glycogen has more alpha(1-&gt;6) branches compared to amylopectin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the branches in amylopectin and glycogen?

<p>The branches provide compact structures and multiple chain ends for enzymatic cleavage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an accurate statement regarding starch?

<p>Starch consists of 80% amylose and 20% amylopectin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main differences between glycogen and cellulose?

<p>Glycogen stores glucose for quick release, while cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of linkage forms the branches in amylopectin?

<p>Alpha(1-&gt;6) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sucrose hydrolyzed into?

<p>Glucose and fructose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which polysaccharide is the most common storage polysaccharide in plants?

<p>Starch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of linkages does amylose have?

<p>α(14) linkages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the end of the polysaccharide called?

<p>The reducing end (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two forms of starch?

<p>Amylose and amylopectin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plants store glucose in polymeric form?

<p>As amylose or amylopectin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about ketoses?

<p>Ketoses have a keto group at C2. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a chiral center?

<p>A carbon atom bonded to four different atoms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many stereoisomers are there for 6-C aldoses?

<p>16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Van't Hoff's rule?

<p>The possible isomers of a given compound is determined by the number of asymmetric carbon atoms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between D and L sugars?

<p>D and L sugars are enantiomers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the reference C atom refer to?

<p>The C atom next to the last C atom, around which mirror images are formed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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