Podcast
Questions and Answers
A 10-year-old boy is admitted to the Emergency Department with a small burn on the right forearm, which he is gently rubbing.
According to the gate control theory of pain, stimulation of what type of nerve fibre will REDUCE the sensation of pain?
A 10-year-old boy is admitted to the Emergency Department with a small burn on the right forearm, which he is gently rubbing.
According to the gate control theory of pain, stimulation of what type of nerve fibre will REDUCE the sensation of pain?
In the descending pain modulatory pathway, the serotonergic output runs from the:
In the descending pain modulatory pathway, the serotonergic output runs from the:
Increased sensitisation to pain can be mediated by all of the following EXCEPT:
Increased sensitisation to pain can be mediated by all of the following EXCEPT:
A 61-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of itching and burning pains on the right side of her torso. Inspection reveals a rash in the same area and shingles (herpes zoster) is diagnosed.
The pain associated with herpes zoster is considered:
A 61-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of itching and burning pains on the right side of her torso. Inspection reveals a rash in the same area and shingles (herpes zoster) is diagnosed.
The pain associated with herpes zoster is considered:
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For several months after the rash has cleared up the patient is still suffering from pain (post-herpetic neuralgia).
Which of the following drugs can be used to treat this kind of neuropathic pain:
For several months after the rash has cleared up the patient is still suffering from pain (post-herpetic neuralgia).
Which of the following drugs can be used to treat this kind of neuropathic pain:
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A 60-year-old man developed a tremor in his right hand. His family noted his walking had changed and he smiled and blinked less frequently.
Following your clinical assessment, you suspect Parkinson’s disease.
‘Pill rolling’ is a classic form of which type of tremor?
A 60-year-old man developed a tremor in his right hand. His family noted his walking had changed and he smiled and blinked less frequently.
Following your clinical assessment, you suspect Parkinson’s disease.
‘Pill rolling’ is a classic form of which type of tremor?
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In the neurological examination, which of the following abnormalities would NOT have been suggestive of untreated Parkinson’s disease?
In the neurological examination, which of the following abnormalities would NOT have been suggestive of untreated Parkinson’s disease?
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The patient was put on medication to boost dopamine function.
Which of the following is NOT given in treatment for Parkinson’s disease?
The patient was put on medication to boost dopamine function.
Which of the following is NOT given in treatment for Parkinson’s disease?
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Which of the following is TRUE regarding the pathophysiology in PD?
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the pathophysiology in PD?
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Which of the following statements is true concerning Parkinson’s disease?
Which of the following statements is true concerning Parkinson’s disease?
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Case study 4: Schizophrenia (Parts 1-5 of 9)
In the case below match the descriptions in Questions 11 to 15 to the most relevant symptom in the table below.
Case study 4: Schizophrenia (Parts 1-5 of 9)
In the case below match the descriptions in Questions 11 to 15 to the most relevant symptom in the table below.
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Regarding pharmacological treatments for schizophrenia which of the following is FALSE?
Regarding pharmacological treatments for schizophrenia which of the following is FALSE?
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Regarding the neurobiology of schizophrenia, which of the following statements is FALSE?
Regarding the neurobiology of schizophrenia, which of the following statements is FALSE?
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Drug induced psychoses can be treated with:
Drug induced psychoses can be treated with:
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Which of the following drugs has these side effects: weight gain, sedation, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, and neutropenia?
Which of the following drugs has these side effects: weight gain, sedation, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, and neutropenia?
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A 23-year-old woman goes to her GP clinic complaining of being constantly tired and suffering from insomnia. Further discussion reveals for the past four months she has been increasingly worried about whether her short-term job will end and has been finding it difficult to concentrate in and out of work, experiencing irritability with her flatmates to the point where she thinks they might move out. The patient also complained of excessive sweating and trembling in stressful situations. This was clear to the GP and on further inspection other autonomic symptoms were revealed including tachycardia.
The most likely diagnosis is:
A 23-year-old woman goes to her GP clinic complaining of being constantly tired and suffering from insomnia. Further discussion reveals for the past four months she has been increasingly worried about whether her short-term job will end and has been finding it difficult to concentrate in and out of work, experiencing irritability with her flatmates to the point where she thinks they might move out. The patient also complained of excessive sweating and trembling in stressful situations. This was clear to the GP and on further inspection other autonomic symptoms were revealed including tachycardia.
The most likely diagnosis is:
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Chronic stress can cause pathological changes in the brain that may underlie anxiety disorders and depression. In relation to the brain areas affected, what can chronic stress lead to?
Chronic stress can cause pathological changes in the brain that may underlie anxiety disorders and depression. In relation to the brain areas affected, what can chronic stress lead to?
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Regarding the neurochemistry of anxiety and depression, which of the following statements is FALSE?
Regarding the neurochemistry of anxiety and depression, which of the following statements is FALSE?
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Which of the following drugs is LEAST likely to be anxiolytic?
Which of the following drugs is LEAST likely to be anxiolytic?
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A 36-year-old male manager is brought into the GP surgery by his flatmates. He reports an increased mood and energy over the previous three weeks. He now only needs a couple of hours sleep and spends much of the night practising his audition for X Factor. He has recently invested a few hundred pounds on clothes for his audition.
The psychiatrist enters a tentative diagnosis of:
A 36-year-old male manager is brought into the GP surgery by his flatmates. He reports an increased mood and energy over the previous three weeks. He now only needs a couple of hours sleep and spends much of the night practising his audition for X Factor. He has recently invested a few hundred pounds on clothes for his audition.
The psychiatrist enters a tentative diagnosis of:
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Lithium can be used to treat bipolar affective disorder because of its action as a(n):
Lithium can be used to treat bipolar affective disorder because of its action as a(n):
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A 29-year-old woman who had recently received her Ph.D. in political science began a new job working for the Department for Education. After approximately six months, she began to lose interest in her job and other activities. When she went to work she would do very little, frequently staring out of the window, feeling sad, and crying. She also showed the following additional symptoms: fatigue, loss of energy in performing tasks, refusal to exercise, difficulty in sleeping, loss of weight, and a reduced ability to concentrate. At the request of her employer, she visited her GP who referred her for an evaluation.
What is the disorder likely to be?
A 29-year-old woman who had recently received her Ph.D. in political science began a new job working for the Department for Education. After approximately six months, she began to lose interest in her job and other activities. When she went to work she would do very little, frequently staring out of the window, feeling sad, and crying. She also showed the following additional symptoms: fatigue, loss of energy in performing tasks, refusal to exercise, difficulty in sleeping, loss of weight, and a reduced ability to concentrate. At the request of her employer, she visited her GP who referred her for an evaluation.
What is the disorder likely to be?
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Research in to the neurochemical correlates with depression have suggested that, within the brain, there is:
Research in to the neurochemical correlates with depression have suggested that, within the brain, there is:
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A 29-year-old woman experiences palpitations about three or four times a month. As they come on unexpectedly, she feels unable to leave her home alone or go to places such as cinemas and crowded shopping centres where help may be difficult to obtain.
What is the diagnosis likely to be?
A 29-year-old woman experiences palpitations about three or four times a month. As they come on unexpectedly, she feels unable to leave her home alone or go to places such as cinemas and crowded shopping centres where help may be difficult to obtain.
What is the diagnosis likely to be?
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Experimental evidence relating to the diagnosis above, involves the following neurotransmitter systems:
Experimental evidence relating to the diagnosis above, involves the following neurotransmitter systems:
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