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What party emerged in 1828?
What party emerged in 1828?
The Democratic party.
The election of 1824 was formally considered the end of the ______ ____ _________ _____________.
The election of 1824 was formally considered the end of the ______ ____ _________ _____________.
Era of Good Feelings.
What happened as a result of the election of 1824 where no candidate won the majority of electoral votes?
What happened as a result of the election of 1824 where no candidate won the majority of electoral votes?
The House of Representatives had to choose the winner out of the top 3 candidates, eliminating Henry Clay.
Why was the election of 1824 considered to be a 'corrupt bargain' by the public?
Why was the election of 1824 considered to be a 'corrupt bargain' by the public?
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What was John Quincy Adams like?
What was John Quincy Adams like?
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After the election of 1824, what two political parties formed?
After the election of 1824, what two political parties formed?
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Who won the election of 1828?
Who won the election of 1828?
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What happened when the Democrats (and Andrew Jackson) took control of the White House?
What happened when the Democrats (and Andrew Jackson) took control of the White House?
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What was the 'spoils system' implemented by Andrew Jackson?
What was the 'spoils system' implemented by Andrew Jackson?
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What were notable consequences of the Tariff of 1828?
What were notable consequences of the Tariff of 1828?
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What was the 'South Carolina Exposition' published by John C. Calhoun in 1828?
What was the 'South Carolina Exposition' published by John C. Calhoun in 1828?
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What tariff did Congress pass in an attempt to meet the South's demands?
What tariff did Congress pass in an attempt to meet the South's demands?
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What did South Carolina propose and approve regarding the tax from the tariff of 1832?
What did South Carolina propose and approve regarding the tax from the tariff of 1832?
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How did Jackson respond to South Carolina's nullification?
How did Jackson respond to South Carolina's nullification?
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What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
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What was the Black Hawk War of 1832?
What was the Black Hawk War of 1832?
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How did Andrew Jackson feel about the Bank of the United States?
How did Andrew Jackson feel about the Bank of the United States?
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Congress approved the recharter of the Bank of the United States in 1832.
Congress approved the recharter of the Bank of the United States in 1832.
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What was Jackson's reaction to Congress approving the recharter of the Bank of the United States?
What was Jackson's reaction to Congress approving the recharter of the Bank of the United States?
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How did Jackson attempt to destroy the national bank after winning the election of 1832?
How did Jackson attempt to destroy the national bank after winning the election of 1832?
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What did President Jackson's Specie Circular of 1836 require?
What did President Jackson's Specie Circular of 1836 require?
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What were the two new political parties that emerged?
What were the two new political parties that emerged?
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What do the Democrats believe?
What do the Democrats believe?
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What do the Whigs believe?
What do the Whigs believe?
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Who won the election of 1836?
Who won the election of 1836?
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Study Notes
Emergence of Political Parties
- The Democratic Party emerged in 1828, marking a significant shift in American politics.
- The election of 1824 ended the Era of Good Feelings, a time characterized by one-party rule.
Election of 1824
- Four main Republican candidates: Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, William Crawford, and Henry Clay.
- No candidate secured a majority of electoral votes, leading the House of Representatives to decide the winner from the top three candidates.
Corrupt Bargain
- Andrew Jackson won the popular vote but lost the presidency to John Quincy Adams due to a deal orchestrated by Henry Clay, leading to claims of a "corrupt bargain."
John Quincy Adams' Presidency
- Adams was a strong nationalist, advocating for infrastructure development and education.
Political Party Formation
- Following the election, two political factions formed: National Republicans (Adams and Clay supporters) and Democratic-Republicans (Jackson supporters).
Election of 1828
- Andrew Jackson won the election with strong support from the South, contrasting with Adams' support from the North.
Jackson's Control and Spoils System
- Jackson replaced many public officials with supporters from his base, introducing the "spoils system," which caused governmental inefficiency and corruption.
Tariff of 1828
- This tariff faced opposition from southerners who felt discriminated against during economic struggles, while northerners largely supported it, intensifying sectional tensions.
South Carolina Exposition
- John C. Calhoun's pamphlet denounced the Tariff of 1828 as unjust and unconstitutional, echoing southern discontent.
Tariff of 1832
- Congress passed the Tariff of 1832 to address southern grievances, but it still fell short of expectations, leading to increased anger in the South.
Nullification Crisis
- South Carolina declared the tariffs void and threatened secession if the federal government tried to enforce them.
Jackson's Response
- Jackson opposed nullification, enacting the Force Bill to permit military action for tariff collection.
Indian Removal Act (1830)
- This policy mandated the relocation of Native American tribes west of the Mississippi River, impacting the "Five Civilized Tribes."
Black Hawk War (1832)
- Conflict arose as Native Americans, led by Black Hawk, resisted forced relocation from their ancestral lands.
Andrew Jackson and the Bank of the United States
- Jackson opposed the Bank of the United States, viewing it as economically monopolistic and corrupt.
Recharter of the Bank
- Congress rechartered the Bank in 1832, but Jackson vetoed it, claiming abuses of presidential power despite prior Supreme Court rulings in favor of the Bank.
Destruction of the National Bank
- After the 1832 election, Jackson removed federal deposits from the Bank, redistributing funds to supportive state banks, known as "pet banks."
Specie Circular (1836)
- Jackson mandated that public lands could only be purchased with gold and silver, promoting a shift towards hard currency.
New Political Parties
- The Whigs and Democrats emerged as prominent political factions in the changing political landscape.
Beliefs of the Democrats
- Advocated for a small federal government, minimal economic intervention, and had concentrated support in the South and West, particularly among urban laborers.
Beliefs of the Whigs
- Supported a strong central government, Clay's American System, public education, and moral reforms; primarily located in New England.
Election of 1836
- Martin Van Buren, a Democrat, won the presidency, succeeding Jackson’s controversial administration.
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