Untitled Quiz

Word Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes

• Word roots contain the core meaning and often indicate the body part involved.
• Prefixes indicate number, time, location, or status and always precede the word root.
• Suffixes represent disorders, diseases, conditions, or procedures and are appended to the end of the word.

Endings Indicating Relationships and Forms

• Common suffixes indicating "pertaining to":
  • -ac, -ic, -al, -ine, -ar, -ior, -ary, -ory, -eal, -ous, -ical, -tic.
• Noun endings include:
  • -a, -um, -e, -us, -y.

Suffixes for Conditions and Procedures

• Suffixes indicating abnormal conditions or diseases include:
  • -ago, -ion, -esis, -ism, -iasis, -osis, -ia.
• algia denotes pain and suffering.
• dynia also signifies pain.

Specific Terms Relating to Pain

• Cephalgia refers to pain in the head, where 'ceph' means head.
• Coccydynia indicates pain in the tailbone.

Inflammation and Softening Terms

• itis signifies inflammation.
• Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas.
• malacia denotes abnormal softening, as seen in Chondromalacia, which is the softening of cartilage.

Enlargement and Tissue Conditions

• megaly refers to enlargement, exemplified by Cardiomegaly, which is heart enlargement.
• necrosis means tissue death, with Osteonecrosis indicating bone death.

Hemorrhage and Discharge Terms

• orrhagia means bursting forth or hemorrhage, as in Menorrhagia, which describes heavy menstrual bleeding.
• orrhea relates to discharge, as seen in Dysmenorrhea, which describes painful menstruation with heavy flow.

Hardening and Narrowing Conditions

• sclerosis indicates abnormal hardening, illustrated by Arteriosclerosis, the hardening of arterial walls.
• stenosis refers to abnormal narrowing, as in Arteriostenosis, the narrowing of arteries.

Surgical Procedures and Techniques

• centesis means surgical puncture to remove fluid, as seen in Peritoneocentesis, which drains fluid from the peritoneum.
• ectomy signifies surgical removal, illustrated by Hysterectomy, the removal of the uterus.
• graphy relates to the process of recording, such as in Arteriography, recording images of arteries.

Understanding Records and Repairs

• gram means record or picture, used in Electrocardiogram (EKG), a record of heart electrical activity.
• lysis means to loosen or destroy, as seen in Hemolysis, the breakdown of red blood cells.
• orrhaphy pertains to surgical repair or suture, such as in herniorrhaphy, the repair of a hernia.

Additional Surgical Terms

• plasty refers to surgical repair, demonstrated by Abdominoplasty, which is the surgical repair of the abdomen.
• scopy means to visually examine, as in Bronchoscopy for visualizing bronchial tubes.
• stomy denotes the creation of an opening, exemplified by colostomy, an opening in the colon.