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Io is tidally locked to Jupiter, meaning only one face of Io can ever be seen from ______.
Jupiter
Io has hundreds of huge volcanoes on its surface, making it the most volcanically active body beyond ______.
Earth
Voyager I and II missions in 1979 provided close-up images of Io's surface, revealing vibrant colors, absence of impact craters, and evidence of ______ activity.
volcanic
Io's interaction with Jupiter's magnetic field results in the formation of a neutral cloud and contributes to the size of Jupiter's ______.
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Europa is the second smallest of Jupiter's four Galilean moons, with a diameter of about 3,000 ______.
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______'s surface is relatively young, with few craters, and covered in water ice with distinct features like chaos terrains. ______'s radiation-blasted surface has a high albedo, and its atmosphere is primarily oxygen formed through radiolysis. Evidence suggests ______ has a subsurface ocean beneath its icy crust, possibly in contact with a rocky mantle. Ganymede, the largest moon in the solar system, has an ocean containing more water than Earth's oceans combined. Ganymede's magnetic field, oxygen atmosphere, and orbital resonance with neighboring moons pose intriguing mysteries for scientists. Ganymede's composition, size, and tidal heating processes provide clues to its magnetic field and internal structure. Callisto is Jupiter's second-largest Galilean moon, less dense than Mercury, with a weak gravity and a diameter of 58.4 km. Callisto orbits Jupiter the farthest, taking 17 Earth days, and is tidally locked with Jupiter, but not in an orbital resonance with other moons. It has a thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide and possibly oxygen, believed to be replenished by sublimation of surface ices. Callisto's surface is over 4 billion years old, heavily cratered, lacking geological activity, and is one of the most ancient in the Solar System. The surface features numerous impact craters, including Asgard (1,600 km) and Valhalla (3,800 km), the largest multi-ring crater in the Solar System. Callisto's unique craters, like Lofn and Hár, suggest a thin and brittle crust with a potential subsurface ocean and a conductive layer beneath. Despite potential for a sub-surface ocean, Callisto's lack of heat sources and vents make it less conducive for life compared to other icy worlds.
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Europa's surface is relatively young, with few craters, and covered in water ice with distinct features like chaos terrains. ______'s radiation-blasted surface has a high albedo, and its atmosphere is primarily oxygen formed through radiolysis. Evidence suggests ______ has a subsurface ocean beneath its icy crust, possibly in contact with a rocky mantle.
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Ganymede, the largest moon in the solar system, has an ocean containing more water than Earth's oceans combined. Ganymede's magnetic field, oxygen atmosphere, and orbital resonance with neighboring moons pose intriguing mysteries for scientists. Ganymede's composition, size, and tidal heating processes provide clues to its magnetic field and internal structure. ______ is Jupiter's second-largest Galilean moon, less dense than Mercury, with a weak gravity and a diameter of 58.4 km.
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Callisto orbits Jupiter the farthest, taking 17 Earth days, and is tidally locked with Jupiter, but not in an orbital resonance with other moons. It has a thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide and possibly oxygen, believed to be replenished by sublimation of surface ices. ______'s surface is over 4 billion years old, heavily cratered, lacking geological activity, and is one of the most ancient in the Solar System.
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The surface features numerous impact craters, including Asgard (1,600 km) and Valhalla (3,800 km), the largest multi-ring crater in the Solar System. ______'s unique craters, like Lofn and Hár, suggest a thin and brittle crust with a potential subsurface ocean and a conductive layer beneath. Despite potential for a sub-surface ocean, ______'s lack of heat sources and vents make it less conducive for life compared to other icy worlds.
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Study Notes
- Io is one of Jupiter's Galilean moons, known for its unique features such as volcanoes, auroras, and a sulphur atmosphere.
- Io is the innermost of Jupiter's big moons, orbiting very closely to Jupiter at only 350,000km above its cloud tops.
- Io is tidally locked to Jupiter, meaning only one face of Io can ever be seen from Jupiter.
- Io is composed mainly of silicate rock and iron, with the highest density of any moon in the solar system.
- Io has hundreds of huge volcanoes on its surface, making it the most volcanically active body beyond Earth.
- Voyager I and II missions in 1979 provided close-up images of Io's surface, revealing vibrant colors, absence of impact craters, and evidence of volcanic activity.
- Io's interaction with Jupiter's magnetic field results in the formation of a neutral cloud and contributes to the size of Jupiter's magnetosphere.- Jupiter's magnetic field lines connect with Io's atmosphere through the Io flux tube, generating an electric current.
- Io's flux tube causes auroras around Jupiter's poles, with different colors representing various ionized particles.
- Europa is the second smallest of Jupiter's four Galilean moons, with a diameter of about 3,000 km.
- Europa has a unique elliptical orbit due to gravitational influences, creating tides that shape its surface.
- Europa's surface features lineae, fractures, and dark brown lenticulae believed to be formed by tidal flexing and upwelling of material.
- Europa's surface is relatively young, with few craters, and covered in water ice with distinct features like chaos terrains.
- Europa's radiation-blasted surface has a high albedo, and its atmosphere is primarily oxygen formed through radiolysis.
- Evidence suggests Europa has a subsurface ocean beneath its icy crust, possibly in contact with a rocky mantle.
- Ganymede, the largest moon in the solar system, has an ocean containing more water than Earth's oceans combined.
- Ganymede's magnetic field, oxygen atmosphere, and orbital resonance with neighboring moons pose intriguing mysteries for scientists.
- Ganymede's composition, size, and tidal heating processes provide clues to its magnetic field and internal structure.- Callisto is Jupiter's second-largest Galilean moon, less dense than Mercury, with a weak gravity and a diameter of 58.4 km.
- Callisto orbits Jupiter the farthest, taking 17 Earth days, and is tidally locked with Jupiter, but not in an orbital resonance with other moons.
- It has a thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide and possibly oxygen, believed to be replenished by sublimation of surface ices.
- Callisto's surface is over 4 billion years old, heavily cratered, lacking geological activity, and is one of the most ancient in the Solar System.
- The surface features numerous impact craters, including Asgard (1,600 km) and Valhalla (3,800 km), the largest multi-ring crater in the Solar System.
- Callisto's unique craters, like Lofn and Hár, suggest a thin and brittle crust with a potential subsurface ocean and a conductive layer beneath.
- Despite potential for a sub-surface ocean, Callisto's lack of heat sources and vents make it less conducive for life compared to other icy worlds.
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Description
Explore interesting facts about Jupiter's Galilean moons - Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, including their unique features, compositions, and interactions with Jupiter. Learn about volcanoes on Io, subsurface oceans on Europa and Ganymede, and ancient surface with impact craters on Callisto.
