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Questions and Answers

What is the role of media richness in choosing communication methods?

Media richness helps match the complexity of the problem or issue being communicated.

How can cognitive barriers, such as jargon, affect communication?

Cognitive barriers can create misunderstandings due to information overload and ambiguity of meaning.

What are Aristotle's three strategies for establishing a positive ethos?

  1. Deliver meaningful and logical messages, 2. Project confidence and dress appropriately, 3. Build rapport with the audience.

Why is active listening important in communication?

<p>Active listening ensures understanding and validates the speaker, enhancing the communication process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify two physical barriers that can impact effective communication.

<p>Distance and sound are physical barriers that can hinder communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of social acceptance in communication strategies?

<p>Social acceptance involves adhering to group norms and individual preferences that impact how messages are received.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can cultural differences influence communication?

<p>Cultural differences can affect interpretations, non-verbal cues, and the choice of communication medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one organizational approach to improve communication?

<p>Implementing a 360-degree feedback system can enhance communication within an organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a leader affirm cultural values to effectively engage their audience?

<p>A leader can affirm cultural values by recognizing and respecting the beliefs and practices important to the audience, which helps in building trust and relevance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does understanding the audience's needs and motivations play in communication?

<p>Understanding the audience's needs and motivations allows a leader to tailor their messages, ensuring they resonate and address specific concerns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the importance of projecting a positive ethos as a leader.

<p>Projecting a positive ethos is essential as it conveys character and integrity, which builds follower trust and credibility in the leader.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does charisma contribute to a leader's ability to persuade others?

<p>Charisma enhances a leader's ability to connect emotionally with followers, making their messages more persuasive and impactful.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 360-degree feedback in leadership evaluation?

<p>360-degree feedback provides a holistic view of a leader's performance by combining self-evaluations with assessments from peers and superiors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how ethical decisions can vary across different cultures.

<p>Ethical decisions may differ across cultures because what is considered acceptable behavior in one culture may not be in another, reflecting diverse values and norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify and describe one ethical decision-making approach in leadership.

<p>The consequentialist approach focuses on the outcomes of actions, aiming to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of stakeholders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'doing unto others' relate to ethical leadership?

<p>The principle of 'doing unto others' encourages leaders to make decisions based on empathy and fairness, promoting ethical behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four behavioral characteristics of transformational leadership?

<ol> <li>Idealized Influence, 2. Inspirational Motivation, 3. Intellectual Stimulation, 4. Individualized Consideration.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why communication is essential for effective leadership.

<p>Effective communication is crucial as it enables the leader to convey messages clearly and motivate others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of audience analysis in leadership communication?

<p>Audience analysis helps leaders tailor their messages to ensure clarity, relevance, and engagement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the medium of a message affect its communication?

<p>The medium influences how the message is perceived and received by the audience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify and describe one source of power leaders use to influence others.

<p>Legitimate Power, which comes from a recognized title or position within the organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some common interferences that can prevent successful communication?

<p>Common interferences include inappropriate context, unclear messages, and poor formatting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of developing a communication strategy?

<p>A communication strategy serves as a foundation for effective communication, guiding leaders in message delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the concept of trust in leadership communication.

<p>Trust in leadership involves integrity, competence, consistency, loyalty, and openness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of effective leadership communication?

<p>The goal is to achieve meaningful message transfer and minimize potential interruptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can leaders enhance their message clarity?

<p>Leaders can enhance message clarity by analyzing the audience and using a clear, appropriate language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Leadership Communication

  • Leaders guide, direct, motivate or inspire others
  • Transformational Leadership: Positive ethos that inspires trust and respect
  • Four Behavioural Characteristics of transformational leadership:
    • Idealized influence
    • Inspirational motivation
    • Intellectual stimulation
    • Individualized consideration
  • Effective leadership communication depends on effective communication.
  • Communication allows individuals to move into leadership positions

Communication

  • Transmission of meaning from one person to another
  • Verbally or nonverbally
  • Medium is the message - Form or medium influences how the message is received and perceived

Leadership Communication

  • Effective leadership communication requires the ability to anticipate potential interruptions in the transmission of the message, appreciate the context, understand the audience, select the right medium, and craft messages.
  • Goal is to move closer to the ideal meaningful message transfer

Core Communications

  • Strategy is the foundation on which any effective communication depends
  • Need to be able to analyze an audience in every situation and develop a communication strategy that facilitates accomplishing their communication objectives
  • Need to write and speak a language expected of leaders that is clear, appropriate for the context and persuasive.

Group & Organizational Communication

  • Communication becomes complex when we think about how to best communicate to all internal and external stakeholders
  • Any good communication depends on having strategy

Leaders Rely on Different Sources of Power to Influence Others

  • Coercive - Prospect of being punished
  • Reward - Prospective benefits or rewards
  • Legitimate Power - Recognized title or position in organization
  • Referent - Personal attractiveness and charisma
  • Expert - Having knowledge, skills, and expertise
  • Information - Possessing need information
  • Connection - Interpersonal and network linkages

Trust

  • Integrity: Reputation for honesty & truthfulness on the part of the trusted individual
  • Competence: Technical knowledge & interpersonal skill needed to perform the job
  • Consistency: Reliability, predictability & good judgement in handling situations
  • Loyalty: Benevolence or the willing to protect, support & encourage others
  • Openness: Mental accessibility or the willingness to share ideas & information freely with others

Communication Seems Simple

  • Sender to Message to Receiver
  • Interferences often prevent successful communication
    • Inappropriate context
    • No audience analysis
    • Muddled thinking
    • Wrong medium
    • Unclear message
    • Illogical structure
    • Poor formatting
    • Offensive tone
    • Negative ethos

Why Do We Care About Communication?

  • Communication breakdowns can happen due to:
    • Psychological Barriers
      • Fear of negative consequences (“don’t shoot the messenger”), status effect (as when a lower status member is fearful in the communication situation with a higher status member)
      • Silence
    • Perceptual Barriers
      • Selective perception, attribution errors and biases, interpretation of non-verbal cues (including interpretation of silence)
    • Cognitive Barriers
      • Information overload, language, jargon, acronyms, idioms, ambiguity of meaning
    • Physical Barriers
      • Distance, sound
    • Lying

Choosing the Communication

  • Media richness that matches complexity of problem or issue communicated (“choose the best”)
  • Social Acceptance:
    • (Group/Organizational) norms and expectations
    • Individual preferences
    • Symbolic meaning of medium/channel
  • Focus / attention / multi-communication
  • Moderating role of:
    • Communication proficiency
    • Social presence effects

Improving Communication

  • Choose the ‘best’ medium
  • Individual approaches:
    • Address effective communication considerations
    • Pay attention to cultural differences
    • Engage in Active Listening
  • Organizational Approaches:
    • 360 degree feedback
    • Suggestion systems

Leaders Use all Appeals to Influence Others

  • Aristotle’s Persuasive Appeals
    • Ethos - Appeal based on credibility
    • Positive ethos is most important
    • Inner character (honest, honourable, truthful, fair, ethical)
    • Aristotle argued that a communicator can create a positive ethos by:
      • Ensuring all messages are “worthy of belief”
        • Make messages meaningful, clear & logical
        • Have all of the facts in hand
        • Be honest & ethical
        • Avoid careless errors
      • Making his/her “own character look right”
        • Dress the part
        • Project confidence
        • Know the subject & be prepared
        • Take time to build a rapport
        • Avoid common delivery mistakes
      • Making his/her “audience feel right”
        • Use language they understand
        • Avoid technical jargon
        • Be enthusiastic
        • Show understanding and respect
        • Show how the message benefits them
  • Pathos - Appeal to emotions
  • Logos - Appeal based in logic
  • Making Ethical Decisions
    • Doing unto others as we expect them to do unto us
    • What is ethical in one culture may differ from another
    • A leader usually follows one of the traditional approaches:
      • End Results (consequentialist) - Focuses on harms & benefits to stakeholders to arrive at a decision that produces the greatest good for the greatest number
      • Duty (deontological) - Emphasizes duties, rights & justice, based on moral standards, principles & rules
      • Social Contract (group virtue) - Bases ethical decisions on the customs & norms, the character & integrity of the moral community
      • Personal (individual virtue) - Bases ethical decisions on the conscience; what feels right to the individual

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