Journalism Definition and History

Study Notes

Journalism is the practice of gathering, processing, and disseminating news and information to the public through various media channels.
The term "journalism" comes from the French word "journal," meaning daily newspaper.
The history of journalism dates back to ancient civilizations, with evidence of news gathering and dissemination in ancient Greece, Rome, and China.
Modern journalism emerged in the 17th century with the development of newspapers and printing presses.

Print Journalism: news reporting and publishing in physical newspapers and magazines.
Broadcast Journalism: news reporting and broadcasting on television and radio.
Online Journalism: news reporting and publishing on digital platforms, including websites, social media, and blogs.
Investigative Journalism: in-depth research and reporting on specific topics or issues, often involving undercover or secret investigations.
Citizen Journalism: news reporting and publishing by non-professional journalists, often through social media and blogs.

Objectivity: journalists strive to report news in an unbiased and impartial manner.
Accuracy: journalists must ensure the accuracy and truthfulness of reported information.
Confidentiality: journalists may protect sources and maintain confidentiality.
Freedom of the Press: journalists may face challenges and restrictions on their ability to report news freely.
Fake News: the spread of misinformation and disinformation poses a significant challenge to journalists and the public.

News Values: factors that determine the newsworthiness of a story, including timeliness, proximity, impact, and human interest.
Journalistic Integrity: the maintenance of high ethical standards in news reporting and publishing.
Media Literacy: the ability to critically evaluate and understand news and information.
Gatekeeping: the process of selecting and filtering news stories for publication.

Journalism involves gathering, processing, and disseminating news and information to the public through various media channels.
The term "journalism" originates from the French word "journal," meaning daily newspaper.
Journalism has its roots in ancient civilizations, including ancient Greece, Rome, and China.
Modern journalism emerged in the 17th century with the advent of newspapers and printing presses.

Print Journalism: reports and publishes news in physical newspapers and magazines.
Broadcast Journalism: reports and broadcasts news on television and radio.
Online Journalism: reports and publishes news on digital platforms, such as websites, social media, and blogs.
Investigative Journalism: conducts in-depth research and reporting on specific topics or issues, often involving undercover or secret investigations.
Citizen Journalism: allows non-professional journalists to report and publish news, often through social media and blogs.

Objectivity: journalists strive to report news in an unbiased and impartial manner.
Accuracy: journalists must ensure the accuracy and truthfulness of reported information.
Confidentiality: journalists may protect sources and maintain confidentiality.
Freedom of the Press: journalists face challenges and restrictions on their ability to report news freely.
Fake News: the spread of misinformation and disinformation poses a significant challenge to journalists and the public.

News Values: factors determining newsworthiness, including timeliness, proximity, impact, and human interest.
Journalistic Integrity: maintaining high ethical standards in news reporting and publishing.
Media Literacy: the ability to critically evaluate and understand news and information.
Gatekeeping: selecting and filtering news stories for publication.