Jose Rizal's Family and Education

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Questions and Answers

What is the complete name of the hero discussed?

Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (correct)

Jose Rizal Alonso

Jose Protacio Mercado Realonda

Jose Rizal Mercado

What was Jose Rizal's mother's name?

Lorenzo Alberto Alonso

Teodora Mercado

Regina Ochoa

Teodora Alonso Realonda (correct)

At what age did Rizal first learn the alphabet?

Five

Three (correct)

Four

Seven

What action did Doña Teodora take to avoid association with Fr. Burgos?

Changed their family name to Rizal Signup and view all the answers

What was the fate of Fr. Gomez, Fr. Burgos, and Fr. Zamora?

Executed by garrote Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a significant event that influenced Rizal during his childhood?

Witnessing his mother's arrest and punishment Signup and view all the answers

Who was the governor-general who ordered Filipinos to adopt Spanish surnames?

Narciso Claveria Signup and view all the answers

What does the surname 'Mercado' signify in Rizal's family history?

A merchant background Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the curriculum in public schools established in the 1860s in the Philippines?

Religious education Signup and view all the answers

Which social class was created as a result of the growing numbers of educated Filipino natives?

Ilustrados Signup and view all the answers

Who was José Rizal's first teacher?

His mother Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main reasons the Suez Canal opening was significant for Filipino ilustrados?

It provided a way to study in Europe. Signup and view all the answers

How did Doña Teodora contribute to José Rizal's early education?

She taught him to write poems. Signup and view all the answers

What educational support did José Rizal receive from his maternal uncles?

Comprehensive education support from all three uncles. Signup and view all the answers

What change occurred with public education in the Philippines after the royal decree in 1863?

It was limited to only the wealthy Indios. Signup and view all the answers

At what age was Jose Rizal able to read and write the basics?

Five years old Signup and view all the answers

What was one significant effect of the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 on the Philippines?

It promoted the growth of commercial agriculture in the Philippines. Signup and view all the answers

Which crops were notably exported from the Philippines during the period discussed?

Hemp, coffee, and sugar Signup and view all the answers

Who benefitted from the agricultural changes and commercial agriculture's growth?

Hacienderos, inquilinos, and friars Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of inquilinos in the agricultural system?

They had the right to use land in exchange for rent. Signup and view all the answers

What type of education was mandated by King Philip II for the natives of the Philippines?

Religious instruction in Spanish. Signup and view all the answers

Which social class emerged as a result of the engagement in commercial agriculture?

The inquilinos and Chinese mestizos Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change in the education system during the Roman Catholic era?

Separate schools for boys and girls were established. Signup and view all the answers

Which institution was responsible for opening the first formal schools in the Philippines?

Religious orders like Jesuits and Franciscans Signup and view all the answers

What was Francisco Mercado Rizal's birth date?

May 11, 1818 Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jose Rizal's first teacher?

Teodora Alonzo Realonda Signup and view all the answers

What was the profession of Paciano Rizal after his studies?

General of the Philippine Revolution Signup and view all the answers

Which sibling of Jose Rizal died at the young age of three?

Concepcion Rizal Signup and view all the answers

In which city was Francisco Mercado Rizal born?

Binan Signup and view all the answers

What was the cause of Olympia Rizal's death?

Childbirth Signup and view all the answers

How many children did Francisco Mercado Rizal and Teodora Alonzo Realonda have?

13 Signup and view all the answers

What was the character of Rizal's childhood home environment?

Joyful and content Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key reasons William Howard Taft proposed Jose Rizal as the National Hero of the Philippines?

Rizal did not make negative remarks against the Americans. Signup and view all the answers

Which belief is NOT associated with Rizal's vision as a pioneer Asian nationalist leader?

Divine right of kings as a basis for political authority. Signup and view all the answers

When and where was Jose Rizal born?

June 19, 1861 in Calamba Laguna. Signup and view all the answers

Which element was emphasized by Rizal regarding social progress?

Social progress requires freedom. Signup and view all the answers

Who baptized Jose Rizal and stood as his godfather?

Rev. Rufino Collantes. Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence the Catholic schools feared if a certain bill was passed?

Closure of the schools. Signup and view all the answers

What did Rev. Rufino Collantes note about the newborn Rizal?

He had a big head, indicating a great future. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the Mercado-Rizal family's ancestry is true?

They had traces of various ethnicities including Chinese and Japanese. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Jose Rizal's Family and Early Life

Jose Rizal, born June 19, 1861 in Calamba, Laguna, was the seventh child of Francisco Mercado Rizal and Teodora Alonso Realonda.
Rizal's family was of mixed heritage tracing back to Chinese, Japanese, and Tagalog ancestry.
His grandfather, Domingo Lam-co, was a Chinese immigrant merchant who adopted the Spanish surname "Mercado" in 1849 to comply with a government decree.
Rizal’s mother, Teodora, was imprisoned for two years in 1872 without trial, accused of poisoning her sister-in-law.
This incident marked a significant turning point in Rizal's life.
The family adopted the surname "Rizal" to avoid association with Father Burgos who was executed for his role in the Cavite Mutiny.

Education in 19th-century Philippines

During the Spanish colonial period, education was primarily controlled by the Catholic Church.
The first formal schools were established by the Jesuits, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Dominicans.
The curriculum focused on religion, reading, writing, arithmetic, and vocational subjects.
Secondary education was introduced in the 17th century, with separate schools for boys and girls.
The curriculum included history, Latin, geography, mathematics, and philosophy.
Universities were only open to Spanish people and Spanish mestizos.
Public education for Filipinos only became available in the 1860s, but the curriculum remained heavily centered on religion.
The growth of commercial agriculture in the Philippines contributed to the emergence of a new class of wealthy Filipinos, known as "ilustrados."
The opening of the Suez Canal in 1860 allowed the wealthy to send their children for higher education in Europe.

Jose Rizal's Early Education

Jose Rizal's first teacher was his mother, Teodora, who taught him the alphabet and basic prayers.
By the age of five, he could read and write.
Teodora encouraged his love of poetry and storytelling.
He also received lessons from his three maternal uncles, who guided him in his studies, artistic abilities, and physical development.
His father hired tutors to further enhance his education.

Jose Rizal: A Symbol of Filipino Nationalism

Rizal's writings and activism against Spanish oppression made him a symbol of Filipino nationalism.
His execution in 1896 by the Spanish authorities fueled the Philippine Revolution.
His execution contributed to his status as a national hero.

The Mercado-Rizal Family

The Mercado-Rizal family had a strong Chinese heritage. Their lineage can be traced back to Domingo Lamco, a full-blooded Chinese immigrant from Amoy, China.
The family also had traces of Japanese, Spanish, Malay, and Negrito blood.
Jose Rizal was one of thirteen children.

Francisco Mercado II and Teodora Alonso Realonda

Francisco Mercado II, Jose's father, was born on May 11, 1818 in Binan, Laguna.
Was the youngest of thirteen children.
Teodora Alonso Realonda, Jose's mother, was born on November 9, 1817.
Teodora was Jose's first teacher.
She was the second child of Lorenzo Alonzo and Brigida de Quintos.
She attended the College of Sta. Rosa.

Jose Rizal’s Siblings

The Rizal family had nine sisters and one brother:
- Saturnina
- Paciano
- Narcisa
- Olympia
- Lucia
- Maria
- Jose
- Concepcion
- Josefa - Trinidad
- Soledad

Childhood in Calamba

Jose Rizal's childhood was filled with happy memories in Calamba.
He grew up in a loving and supportive family environment.

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Description

Explore the early life and family background of Jose Rizal, a key figure in Philippine history. Learn about his mixed heritage, significant family events, and the state of education in the 19th-century Philippines under Spanish rule.