Joints and Their Types

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint?

Spheroid joint

Trochoid joint (correct)

Hinge joint

Ellipsoid joint

Which ligament prevents the radius from moving at the humeroradial joint?

Radial ligament

Interosseous ligament

Ulnar ligament

Anular ligament (correct)

What movements are specifically allowed by the distal radioulnar joint?

Abduction and adduction

Rotation and translation

Flexion and extension

Supination and pronation (correct)

What kind of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

Ellipsoid joint Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a movement of the radiocarpal joint?

Rotation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the interosseous membrane is accurate?

It is a stretched bond holding the radius and ulna together. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of diarthrosis joints?

They can allow movement along multiple axes. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is characterized by a disk that divides it into two compartments?

Sternoclavicular joint Signup and view all the answers

What type of movement is allowed by ginglymus (hinge) joints?

Flexion and extension Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints is classified as a synarthrosis joint?

Pubic symphysis Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of the acromioclavicular joint?

It connects the upper limb to the trunk. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints allows for both flexion and extension as well as rotation?

Shoulder joint Signup and view all the answers

What type of movement is primarily allowed by plane joints?

Gliding Signup and view all the answers

Synchondrosis is categorized under which type of joint?

Cartilaginous joint Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the distal tibiofibular joint?

It is a syndesmosis type of joint. Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the shoulder joint classified as?

Spheroid joint Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament forms a tunnel for the long head of the biceps brachii muscle?

Transvers humeral ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary movement limitation of the shoulder joint capsule?

It does not limit movements Signup and view all the answers

Which joint comprises the humeroulnar joint?

Between the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch Signup and view all the answers

What are the two distinct types of movements allowed by the shoulder joint?

Abduction and circumduction Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle group helps prevent dislocations in the shoulder joint?

Rotator cuff muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of an inferior dislocation of the shoulder joint?

Prominent acromion (epaulette sign) Signup and view all the answers

Which movement is NOT associated with the shoulder joint?

Supination Signup and view all the answers

What structure deepens the glenoid cavity in the shoulder joint?

Glenoid labrum Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the humeroradial joint?

Hinge joint Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Joints

Joints consist of a minimum of two bones.
They allow movement.
Joints are divided into two main groups: Synarthrosis and Diarthrosis.

Synarthrosis

Fibrous:
- Sutura: between skull bones.
- Schindylesis: between the sphenoid and vomer bones.
- Syndesmosis: distal tibiofibular joint.
- Gomphosis: between tooth roots and jawbone.
Cartilaginous:
- Synchondrosis.
- Symphysis (e.g., pubic symphysis).

Diarthrosis (Synovial)

Movements in the transverse axis involve flexion and extension.
Movements in the vertical axis involve medial and lateral rotation.
Movements in the sagittal axis involve abduction and adduction.
Ginglymus (hinge type): Allows only flexion and extension (e.g., interphalangeal joints).
Bichondylaris: Only allows flexion and extension (e.g., knee joint).
Spheroidea: Ball and socket joint, allowing all axes of movement (e.g., shoulder and hip joints).
Plana: Flat articular faces, allowing only gliding movement (e.g., joints between certain wrist bones).

Sternoclavicular Joint

Located between the sternal end of the clavicle, manubrium, and the first costal cartilage.
Features a sternal articular surface and a clavicular notch on the sternum.
A plane or saddle-type joint.
The articular surfaces fit together with a cartilaginous disc.
Allows movement in multiple planes: up and down, forward and backward, and some rotation.

Acromioclavicular Joint

Located between the acromion process of the scapula and the lateral end of the clavicle.
A plane-type joint.
Allows gliding movements.
Clavicle glides on the acromion.
Scapula rotates on this joint.

Shoulder Joint (Glenohumeral)

A spheroid (ball and socket) type joint.
Formed by the head of the humerus and the glenoid fossa of the scapula.

Elbow Joint

Composed of three joints: humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar.
Hinge type joint.
Allows flexion and extension.

Proximal Radioulnar

Between the radius and radial notch of the ulna.
Allows supination and pronation.

Distal Radioulnar

Between the distal ends of the radius and ulna.
Can be a trochoide type joint with a disc.

Wrist and Hand Joints

Numerous joints in the hand, including radiocarpal, carpal, intercarpal, and others.
Radiocarpal: between distal radius and proximal row of carpal bones. Allows movement in multiple planes.
Ellipsoid-type joints.
Carpal Joints: between individual carpal bones. Allow limited gliding movement.

Movements of Radiocarpal Joint

Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction

Muscles

Muscles are categorized by structure (smooth, striated, heart).
Muscles are also categorized by function (abductor, adductor, flexor, extensor).
Mastication muscles: temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids.
Upper limb muscles: trapezius, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii.

Additional Information

The diaphragm is a parachute-shaped muscle.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers the anatomy and classification of joints, focusing on the two main types: Synarthrosis and Diarthrosis. It includes details on different kinds of joints such as fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial. Test your knowledge about the functions and characteristics of various joint types.