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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of Grade 3 mobilization in joint treatment?
What is the purpose of Grade 3 mobilization in joint treatment?
Which sustained grade of mobilization is indicated for pain relief?
Which sustained grade of mobilization is indicated for pain relief?
In which situation is the use of mobilization contraindicated?
In which situation is the use of mobilization contraindicated?
What characterizes moderate tissue reactivity in mobilization techniques?
What characterizes moderate tissue reactivity in mobilization techniques?
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What condition is NOT an indication for mobilization techniques?
What condition is NOT an indication for mobilization techniques?
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What is the primary mechanical therapeutic effect of joint mobilization?
What is the primary mechanical therapeutic effect of joint mobilization?
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Which of the following describes a common cause of joint restrictions?
Which of the following describes a common cause of joint restrictions?
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What differentiates joint mobilization stretching from passive range of motion exercises?
What differentiates joint mobilization stretching from passive range of motion exercises?
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Grade 5 mobilization is characterized by which of the following?
Grade 5 mobilization is characterized by which of the following?
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What is the purpose of Grade 1 oscillation techniques in joint mobilization?
What is the purpose of Grade 1 oscillation techniques in joint mobilization?
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Study Notes
Therapeutic Effects of Joint Mobilization
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Mechanical Effects:
- Increases extensibility of soft tissues and joint capsules by disrupting cross-linking.
- Increases range of motion (ROM).
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Nutritional Effects:
- Distraction and small glides increase synovial fluid movement.
- Movement increases cellular metabolism and protein synthesis.
- Increases nutrients to cartilage.
Causes of Joint Restriction
- Spasm or shortening of surrounding tissues.
- Shrinkage or adhesions of the joint capsule.
- Decreased extensibility of articular and periarticular tissues.
- Entrapment of fat pads or meniscoids.
Long-Term Effects of Joint Restriction
- Structural and functional changes in the region.
- Cartilage atrophy.
- Muscles around the stiff joint lose the ability to contract and relax sufficiently, becoming tight.
- Dysfunction in the region surrounding the stiff joint.
Arc Stretch vs Joint Glide Stretch
- Arc Stretch: Uses a bony lever to stretch tight capsules and muscles; may cause increased pain and joint trauma due to magnified force.
- Joint Mobilization Stretch (Glide): Directly stretches the tight capsule, safer and more selective as the force is applied close to the joint surface.
Oscillatory Mobilization Techniques
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Grades of Oscillation: Five Grades, each with varying amplitude and location within the ROM.
- Grade 1: Small amplitude rhythmic oscillation at the start of range.
- Grade 2: Large amplitude rhythmic oscillation within the range, not reaching the limit.
- Grade 3: Large amplitude rhythmic oscillation up to the limit of available motion.
- Grade 4: Very small amplitude rhythmic oscillation at the limit of available motion.
- Grade 5: Joint Manipulation. Small, high-velocity thrust technique to snap adhesions at the limit of motion.
Uses of Oscillatory Mobilization
- Grades 1 and 2: Pain and muscle spasm relief.
- Grades 3 and 4: Increasing joint play and ROM.
Sustained Translatory Joint Play Technique
- Grade 1 (Loosen): Small amplitude joint distraction with no stress on the capsule; equalizes cohesive force and muscle tension. Used for pain relief.
- Grade 2 (Tighten or Tack Up Slack): Enough distraction of the joint surface to stretch the tissue; initial treatment for joint play and soft tissue stretching.
- Grade 3: Large amplitude distraction to stretch the capsule and periarticular structures; used to increase joint play.
Uses of Sustained Joint Mobilization Techniques
- Grade 1: Pain relief.
- Grade 2: Initial treatment to assess joint sensitivity.
- Grade 3: Stretch joint structures and increase joint play.
Mobilization Technique Selection:
- High Tissue Reactivity: Pain before resistance; Oscillation with no stretch.
- Moderate Tissue Reactivity: Pain with resistance; Oscillation, Sustained, Oscillation.
- Low Tissue Reactivity: Resistance before pain; Stretch and Thrust.
Indications for Joint Mobilization
- Joint pain and muscle spasms.
- Reversible joint hypomobility (stiffness).
- Joint malalignment or positional faults.
- Treating capsular patterns.
Contraindications for Joint Mobilization
- Metastasis (tumor).
- Acute inflammation (rheumatoid disease).
- Recent or unhealed fractures.
- Undiagnosed excessive pain.
- Pyogenic arthritis.
- Joint sepsis.
- Bacterial infection (infective arthritis).
- Hypermobility.
- Acute inflammatory arthritis.
- Osteoporosis.
- Neurological signs or vascular disease.
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Description
This quiz explores the therapeutic effects of joint mobilization, detailing how mechanical and nutritional factors contribute to joint health. It also discusses causes and long-term effects of joint restriction, as well as the differences between arc stretch and joint glide stretch techniques.
