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Questions and Answers

During the 1960s, about percent of all boys and men could read and write, compared to percent of all girls and women.

40, 15

What is the primary reason why girls from Dalit (SC) and Adivasi (ST) backgrounds are more likely to leave school than girls from other social groups?

They lack access to proper schools and teachers. (correct)

They are discouraged by their families from attending.

They are discriminated against by their teachers and classmates.

They are not interested in education.

What is the purpose of the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao campaign?

To provide financial assistance to girls from poorer backgrounds.

To fight against domestic violence against women.

To promote literacy among women across India.

To address the issue of gender inequality and encourage girls' education. (correct)

What is one of the key ways that the women's movement has worked to address issues like 'dowry deaths'?

By raising awareness through public protests and media campaigns. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method used by the women's movement to raise awareness about women's issues?

Promoting traditional gender roles and expectations. Signup and view all the answers

The women's movement is purely a women-led effort, with no involvement from men.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the main message of the fictitious news report about the 'Save the Planet' campaign?

The fictional news report about 'Save the Planet' campaign highlights the influence of media and big businesses, focusing on the negative environmental impact of the campaign's operations, while downplaying the potential benefits. Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the key issues that the text raises regarding the impact of media and advertising?

The text emphasizes how media and advertising can shape public perception, create a sense of urgency about certain issues, while neglecting others. It also highlights that advertising can be a powerful tool for those with greater financial and social resources. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand the various perspectives and the exclusion of certain perspectives in media reports?

It helps us to develop critical thinking skills, allowing us to question the information presented, identify potential biases, and form our own informed opinions. This helps us to avoid being influenced by a single narrative and to gain a more complete understanding of the issues. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the story of Rashsundari Devi in the context of women's struggle for education?

Rashsundari Devi's story demonstrates the challenges women faced in accessing education and her determination to learn despite societal constraints. Her autobiography, the first known autobiography written by an Indian woman, highlights the importance of women's voices and their contributions to society. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Women's Change in the World

Women's work in the home is not recognized as work, and it's a full-time job without specific hours.
Some occupations are deemed more suitable for men than women. Women continue to fight for equality.
Education is a key to opportunities for women.
The chapter examines different efforts of the women's movement in recent years.
83.6% of working women in India are involved in agricultural work, including planting, weeding, harvesting and threshing.
However, farmers are usually portrayed as men.

Who Does What Work?

The provided data involves class exercises with images about different occupations.
Students are asked to categorize the images (male or female) for various jobs.
It analyzes whether more images depict men in certain occupations than women.
More men were portrayed in images for some jobs.
Not all nurses were depicted as women in the images; reason for this is included.

Class Exercise Results

A class exercise in the text included images of men and women representing various professions.
The results show that male images outnumbered female images in several categories, with a few notable exceptions.
For example, a large majority of images showed male teachers while female images outnumbered males for nurses.
A significant discrepancy was found between male and female images for farmers.

Stereotypes and Expectations

Children tend to associate specific jobs with genders in the class exercise: more nurses were depicted as females, more soldiers as males.
Girls are often stereotyped as being suitable for caring professions, while boys are seen as being good at scientific disciplines or similar careers.
Families often encourage girls to get married after finishing school, a common expectation linked to societal roles.
Laxmi Lakra, the first woman engine driver for Northern Railways, broke stereotypes related to gender roles in her profession.

Xavier's Experience and Pressure

Xavier's dilemma about choosing subjects for the future stems from parental expectations/ pressuring him towards a career with high-paying jobs.
Xavier is worried about what his parents will think due to his low scores in science and maths, despite doing well in other subjects.
Parents often encourage the sons to pursue high-paying jobs, pushing aside subjects like History, which are viewed by parents as low-prestige professions.

Learning for Change

In the 19th century, many new ideas emerged on education and learning, leading to increased access to schools for children, but girls still faced many obstacles to education.
Women like Ramabai fought for women's rights and education.
Early education for women was limited due to societal norms: girls in some communities were not allowed to learn or write, as their role was believed to remain within the home.
Women like Rashsundari Devi, began to learn to read and write in secret in the 19th century

Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain and Her Dream of Ladyland

Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain was a pioneer, dreaming of a world where education and opportunities were available for women.
Her story highlights women's fight for education, challenging societal norms that restricted women to certain roles and responsibilities.
Rokeya dreamed of 'Ladyland', a place where women had freedom to study, work, and create.

Schooling and Education Today

Boys and girls are enrolled in schools in large numbers, but there are still significant disparities in education.
Girls are often discouraged to continue their studies or not allowed for proper schooling due to various social issues and poverty.
Data from various censuses (e.g., 2011 census) indicate that there are significant gaps between how many boys and girls are enrolled in school, in terms of the likelihood of them completing their schooling.
There is a need to resolve disparities in the education systems for boys and girls.

Women's Movement

Women's movement advocates for women's rights.
The movement utilizes various strategies, such as awareness campaigns, protests, and legal action to challenge injustice.
The movement strives to bring about change in various aspects of women's lives concerning education, work, violence, and health. Women and girls are now able to study and learn, despite previous social/cultural hurdles.

Solidarity

Women come together to support each other, emphasizing shared struggles and goals.
These actions reflect a commitment to women's solidarity.

Media and Stereotypes

Young people are highly exposed to media and advertising.
The Media is used as a tool by big corporations/businesses to influence issues with importance and those that are neglected.

Glossary of Terms

Stereotypes: Defined as fixed characteristics attached to particular groups.
Discrimination: Refers to the unequal or disrespectful treatment of people.
Violation: When someone breaks the law or exhibits disrespect.
Sexual harassment: Defined as unwanted sexual behavior.

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