Korean War and Pre-war History

• The Korean War began on June 25, 1950, when North Korea invaded South Korea.

• The war lasted for three years and ended with an armistice on July 27, 1953.

• The war was fought between North Korea, supported by China and the Soviet Union, and South Korea, supported by the United States and allied countries.

• The North Korean military was successful in invading South Korea, and the UN was forced to retreat from North Korea.

• After the first two months of the war, South Korean Army and American forces were on the point of defeat.

• In September 1950, a risky amphibious UN counteroffensive was launched at Incheon, cutting off KPA troops and supply lines.

• In October 1950, Chinese forces of the People's Volunteer Army entered the war.

• The UN retreated from North Korea after the First Phase Offensive and the Second Phase Offensive.

• After the war, the front stabilized and the last two years were a war of attrition.

• From 1910 to 1945, Korea was directly ruled by Japan.

• After the First Sino-Japanese War, Japan made the Korean Empire its protectorate and annexed it in 1910.

• The Korean Empire fell and Korea was directly ruled by Japan.

• Many Korean nationalists fled the country and the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was founded in 1919 in Nationalist China.

• From 1919 to 1925 and beyond, Korean communists led internal and external warfare against the Japanese.

• The Nationalist-backed Koreans, led by Yi Pom-Sok, fought in the Burma Campaign.

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• In the early 1940s, the Soviet Union promised to join its allies in the Pacific War, and this led to the Soviet invasion of Manchuria and the north of Korea.

• The United States and the United Kingdom decided that Korea should become free and independent, and they agreed to divide Korea into Soviet and US occupation zones.

• The US Military Government in Korea was established in 1945 to control South Korea after the Japanese surrender.

• The South Korean government promulgated a national political constitution in 1948, and elected Syngman Rhee as President. This election is generally considered to have been manipulated by the Rhee regime.

• The Republic of Korea was established on 15 August 1948.

• The Korean War began on June 25, 1950, when North Korean forces invaded South Korea.

• The war ended on July 27, 1953, when an armistice was signed.

• The war was fought between the North Korean government and the United States, with other countries, including China, providing support to one side or the other.

• The Korean War was the deadliest in human history, with over two million people killed.

• The Korean War ended with an armistice, not a peace treaty. This means that the two Koreas are still technically at war.

• The Korean War was the first time that the Soviet Union agreed to the establishment of a communist government.

• The Chinese Civil War resumed in earnest between the Communists and Nationalists.

• The Korean War led to the displacement of over two million people, the majority of whom were civilians.

Test your knowledge about the Korean War and the events leading up to it, including the involvement of various countries and the post-war implications. Learn about the significant military, political, and historical aspects of this conflict.