Untitled Quiz

Intended Learning Outcomes

• Pre-service teachers (PSTs) should be able to explain the significance of literature in human experience.
• PSTs should be able to identify the different purposes of literature.

Concept of Literature

• Etymologically, "literature" comes from the Latin word litteratura, meaning "writing formed with letters."
• Initially, it encompassed all written works, but later specifically referred to imaginative or artistic writing.
• Includes poetry, drama, and prose.
• Originated in ancient Mesopotamia around 3200 BCE, particularly in the writings of the Sumerians.
• Cuneiform writing was developed.
• Enheduanna, a Sumerian high-priestess, is recognized as one of the first authors, composing hymns in praise of Inanna (around 2285-2250 BCE).
• Literature records, preserves, and transmits knowledge and entertainment.
• Literature plays a social, psychological, spiritual, or political role.
• It includes non-fiction genres like biographies, diaries, memoirs, letters, and essays.
• It encompasses poetry, music, painting, sculpture, prose, and architecture.
• "Anything written" is literature (a broad definition).
• Literature expresses and communicates feelings and attitudes towards life.

Founding Figures in English Literature

• Geoffrey Chaucer: "Father of English Literature," known for The Canterbury Tales.
• William Shakespeare: One of the greatest playwrights and poets in the English language.
• John Milton: Famous for Paradise Lost and viewed as a master of English verse.
• Edmund Spenser: Known for The Faerie Queene, a landmark in English literature.
• Francis Bacon: "Father of English Essays."

Significance of Literature in Human Experience

• Human Themes and Universality: Addresses universal themes such as love, loss, conflict, identity, and morality.
• Moral and Ethical: Many literary works explore moral and ethical dilemmas.

Dimensions

• Cultural and Historical Context: Literature is rooted in the time and culture it was written.
• Personal and Collective Identity: Explores personal and collective identities.
• Empathy and Emotional Intelligence: Engages with emotional intelligence and fosters empathy.
• Moral and Ethical Dilemmas: Explores moral and ethical dilemmas through literature.

Importance of Literature

• Learning: Provides insights into different cultures, historical periods, and philosophical ideas.
• Inspiring: Encourages creativity and new perspectives.
• Thoughts: Stimulates thought on complex issues, ethical dilemmas, and societal norms.
• Exploring: Allows readers to explore different worlds and human experiences.
• Realities: Portrays the realities of human life, including joys, struggles, emotions, and relationships.
• Tales: Stories are central to conveying ideas, cultures, and experiences.
• Uncovering: Reveals truths about the human condition, society, and the world.
• Rich: Diverse in genres, styles, and voices.
• Experiences: Captures ordinary and extraordinary experiences.

Different Literary Genres

• Fiction: Narrative works created from imagination rather than real events.
  • Novel: Long narrative work.
  • Novella: Shorter narrative than a novel.
  • Short Story: Brief narrative.
  • Science Fiction: Explores futuristic or scientific concepts.
  • Fantasy: Includes magical elements.
  • Mystery: Focuses on solving crimes or uncovering secrets.
  • Historical Fiction: Set in a specific historical period.
• Non-Fiction: Works based on real events, facts, and information.
  • Biography/Autobiography: Life stories.
  • Essay: Reflects author's viewpoint.
  • Memoir: Collection of memories.
  • Narrative Nonfiction: Factual information presented in a storytelling format.
• Poetry: Literary expression using rhythm and metaphorical language.
  • Lyric Poetry: Expresses personal emotions.
  • Narrative Poetry: Tells a story.
  • Epic Poetry: Long narrative works about heroic deeds.
  • Free Verse: Poetry without rhyme or meter.
• Drama: Literature intended for performance, focusing on dialogue.
  • Tragedy: A serious narrative ending with a downfall.
  • Comedy: Humorous narrative intended to end happily.
  • Musical: Combines music, dialogue, and songs.
• Additional Genres: Folklore, Legends, Horror, Romance.

Philippine Literature

• Focuses on works from Spanish Colonial, American Colonial, and Post-War/Contemporary Periods.
• Includes examples like Noli Me Tángere, El Filibusterismo, Ang Doctrina Cristiana, Florante at Laura.
• Different purposes of literature: Informative, Persuasive, Instructive, Entertaining.

Other Key Concepts

• Literature as a Reflection of the Human Experience
• The Purposes of Literature in Education
• The Cultural and Historical Significance of Literature