Questions and Answers
Who is the best-known composer of ragtime music?
Scott Joplin's most famous composition is
African American music is characterized by
Jazz is
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What is true about ragtime?
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The ______ was an ensemble from an African American college that performed spirituals before the general public as early as 1871.
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The 'Father of the Blues' was this cornet-playing bandleader who first heard the blues in a Mississippi train station:
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"Race records," kept by the census, were designed to prevent African Americans from voting in the South.
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The minstrel show's characteristics, including blackface, lingered in American show business until the early 1950s.
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"March form" was widely used in the following genre:
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In a backbeat, the accents fall on beats
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Country blues musicians changed the timbre and pitch of their guitars by using
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Field hollers and work songs
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The minstrel show
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Gertrude 'Ma' Rainey was
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"Jim Crow" was
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Among the African American dances that shocked and invigorated the country in the early twentieth century was
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Bessie Smith
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At the turn of the century, the term "ragtime" meant
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By 1900, the syncopations of ragtime music had shifted from the banjo to the following instrument:
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James Reese Europe was
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Which is true about American brass bands?
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John Philip Sousa
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A simple way of diagramming march form is
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The popularity of the trumpet (cornet), clarinet, and trombone in jazz was due mostly to the influence of
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"Secondary ragtime" is
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The idea that 'Jazz is African American music' is rooted in race, not ethnicity.
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Which of the following genres is(are) part of African American folk culture?
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What musical characteristic of the spiritual directly influenced jazz?
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The blues has ____-line stanzas.
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Country blues were
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Vaudeville blues—also known as classic or urban blues—were
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Study Notes
Ragtime and Scott Joplin
- Scott Joplin is the most acclaimed composer of ragtime music, known for his significant impact on this genre.
- Joplin's iconic composition is "The Maple Leaf Rag," a piece that helped popularize ragtime.
- Ragtime's syncopated rhythm, known as "ragged" polyrhythmic syncopation, played a crucial role in shaping early jazz.
Characteristics of African American Music
- African American music is defined by polyrhythm, call and response patterns, and the use of blues notes, all contributing to a rich auditory cultural legacy.
- Jazz is recognized as "America's classical music," encompassing elements of folk and popular genres.
Historical Context of Music Forms
- The Fisk Jubilee Singers were an early ensemble from an African American college, performing spirituals starting in 1871.
- W.C. Handy, known as the "Father of the Blues," was a pivotal figure in popularizing blues music after being introduced to it in a Mississippi train station.
Misconceptions in Music History
- "Race records" were a classification of recordings rather than a tool for voter suppression in the South.
- Minstrel shows, characterized by blackface performances, perpetuated negative stereotypes and continued to influence American entertainment until the 1950s.
Influences on Musical Styles
- March form, prevalent in ragtime, provided a framework for composition; simple diagrams like A A B B C C D D depict this structure.
- Instruments like the piano became prominent for their syncopated rhythms, evolving from earlier influences, including banjos.
Blues and Spirituals
- Country blues, often accompanied by guitar, articulated the struggles of African Americans and contributed to the overall development of blues music.
- Spirituals laid important foundational elements for jazz, particularly through techniques such as call and response.
Dance and Cultural Impact
- The Charleston was a revolutionary dance that shocked American society during the early 20th century, highlighting the cultural vitality of African American art forms.
Important Figures and Contributions
- Gertrude "Ma" Rainey was a celebrated figure in the classic blues scene and contributed significantly to the genre’s popularity.
- James Reese Europe was instrumental in bridging African American and white musical traditions, leading significant ensembles during WWI.
Music Education and Trading
- Brass bands were crucial in communities, promoting musical education and participation across racial lines, differing from the exclusivity seen in symphony orchestras.
- The decline of racially segregated genres began with the impact of the blues and its adaptation within mixed audiences and performance settings.
Conclusion: Continuing Legacy
- The characteristics of jazz music draw heavily from African American cultural expressions, emphasizing the continued importance of these historical roots in contemporary music.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts in Jazz Chapter 3. This quiz focuses on important figures and compositions in ragtime music, particularly Scott Joplin. Perfect for music enthusiasts looking to deepen their understanding of African American music.
